Nat Plants , IF:15.793 , 2024 Feb , V10 (2) : P206-218 doi: 10.1038/s41477-024-01621-2
The cell surface is the place to be for brassinosteroid perception and responses.
Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Universite Toulouse 3, Auzeville-Tolosane, France.; Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Universite Toulouse 3, Auzeville-Tolosane, France. satoshi.fujita@univ-tlse3.fr.
Adjusting the microenvironment around the cell surface is critical to responding to external cues or endogenous signals and to maintaining cell activities. In plant cells, the plasma membrane is covered by the cell wall and scaffolded with cytoskeletal networks, which altogether compose the cell surface. It has long been known that these structures mutually interact, but the mechanisms that integrate the whole system are still obscure. Here we spotlight the brassinosteroid (BR) plant hormone receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) since it represents an outstanding model for understanding cell surface signalling and regulation. We summarize how BRI1 activity and dynamics are controlled by plasma membrane components and their associated factors to fine-tune signalling. The downstream signals, in turn, manipulate cell surface structures by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Moreover, the changes in these architectures impact BR signalling, resulting in a feedback loop formation. This Review discusses how BRI1 and BR signalling function as central hubs to integrate cell surface regulation.
PMID: 38388723
Mol Plant , IF:13.164 , 2024 Feb , V17 (2) : P227-229 doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.021
Unveiling a new regulator: Vacuolar V-ATPase mediates brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis.
Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.; Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. Electronic address: jwalley@iastate.edu.
PMID: 38155571
Dev Cell , IF:12.27 , 2024 Feb doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.021
The BAS chromatin remodeler determines brassinosteroid-induced transcriptional activation and plant growth in Arabidopsis.
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.; Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Synthetic Biology Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.; London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada.; Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: zwang@carnegiescience.edu.; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. Electronic address: lichlong3@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Brassinosteroid (BR) signaling leads to the nuclear accumulation of the BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) transcription factor, which plays dual roles in activating or repressing the expression of thousands of genes. BZR1 represses gene expression by recruiting histone deacetylases, but how it activates transcription of BR-induced genes remains unclear. Here, we show that BR reshapes the genome-wide chromatin accessibility landscape, increasing the accessibility of BR-induced genes and reducing the accessibility of BR-repressed genes in Arabidopsis. BZR1 physically interacts with the BRAHMA-associated SWI/SNF (BAS)-chromatin-remodeling complex on the genome and selectively recruits the BAS complex to BR-activated genes. Depletion of BAS abrogates the capacities of BZR1 to increase chromatin accessibility, activate gene expression, and promote cell elongation without affecting BZR1's ability to reduce chromatin accessibility and expression of BR-repressed genes. Together, these data identify that BZR1 recruits the BAS complex to open chromatin and to mediate BR-induced transcriptional activation of growth-promoting genes.
PMID: 38359831
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , IF:11.205 , 2024 Feb , V121 (7) : Pe2322375121 doi: 10.1073/pnas.2322375121
Arabidopsis protein S-acyl transferases positively mediate BR signaling through S-acylation of BSK1.
Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.; College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
Protein S-acyl transferases (PATs) catalyze S-acylation, a reversible post-translational modification critical for membrane association, trafficking, and stability of substrate proteins. Many plant proteins are potentially S-acylated but few have corresponding PATs identified. By using genomic editing, confocal imaging, pharmacological, genetic, and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that three Arabidopsis class C PATs positively regulate BR signaling through S-acylation of BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 (BSK1). PAT19, PAT20, and PAT22 associate with the plasma membrane (PM) and the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE). Functional loss of all three genes results in a plethora of defects, indicative of reduced BR signaling and rescued by enhanced BR signaling. PAT19, PAT20, and PAT22 interact with BSK1 and are critical for the S-acylation of BSK1, and for BR signaling. The PM abundance of BSK1 was reduced by functional loss of PAT19, PAT20, and PAT22 whereas abolished by its S-acylation-deficient point mutations, suggesting a key role of S-acylation in its PM targeting. Finally, an active BR analog induces vacuolar trafficking and degradation of PAT19, PAT20, or PAT22, suggesting that the S-acylation of BSK1 by the three PATs serves as a negative feedback module in BR signaling.
PMID: 38315835
New Phytol , IF:10.151 , 2024 Feb , V241 (4) : P1510-1524 doi: 10.1111/nph.19469
PHB3 interacts with BRI1 and BAK1 to mediate brassinosteroid signal transduction in Arabidopsis and tomato.
Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.; Shandong Institute of Innovation and Development, Jinan, 250101, China.; Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.; Xian Highness Agricultural Science & Technology Co. Ltd, Xian, Shaanxi, 710086, China.; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that are essential in plant growth and development. BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and BRI1 ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (BAK1), which are located on the plasma membrane, function as co-receptors that accept and transmit BR signals. PROHIBITIN 3 (PHB3) was identified in both BRI1 and BAK1 complexes by affinity purification and LC-MS/MS analysis. Biochemical data showed that BRI1/BAK1 interacted with PHB3 in vitro and in vivo. BRI1/BAK1 phosphorylated PHB3 in vitro. When the Thr-80 amino acid in PHB3 was mutated to Ala, the mutant protein was not phosphorylated by BRI1 and the mutant protein interaction with BRI1 was abolished in the yeast two-hybrid assay. BAK1 did not phosphorylate the mutant protein PHB3(T54A) . The loss-of-function phb3 mutant showed a weaker BR signal than the wild-type. Genetic analyses revealed that PHB3 is a BRI1/BAK1 downstream substrate that participates in BR signalling. PHB3 has five homozygous in tomato, and we named the closest to AtPHB3 as SlPHB3.1. Biochemical data showed that SlBRI1/SlSERK3A/SlSERK3B interacted with SlPHB3.1 and SlPHB3.3. The CRISPR-Cas9 method generated slphb3.1 mutant led to a BR signal stunted relatively in tomatoes. PHB3 is a new component of the BR signal pathway in both Arabidopsis and tomato.
PMID: 38130037
Plant Biotechnol J , IF:9.803 , 2024 Feb doi: 10.1111/pbi.14319
The TaSnRK1-TabHLH489 module integrates brassinosteroid and sugar signalling to regulate the grain length in bread wheat.
The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.; State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS), JIC-CAS, Beijing, China.
Regulation of grain size is a crucial strategy for improving the crop yield and is also a fundamental aspect of developmental biology. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing grain development in wheat remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified a wheat atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, TabHLH489, which is tightly associated with grain length through genome-wide association study and map-based cloning. Knockout of TabHLH489 and its homologous genes resulted in increased grain length and weight, whereas the overexpression led to decreased grain length and weight. TaSnRK1alpha1, the alpha-catalytic subunit of plant energy sensor SnRK1, interacted with and phosphorylated TabHLH489 to induce its degradation, thereby promoting wheat grain development. Sugar treatment induced TaSnRK1alpha1 protein accumulation while reducing TabHLH489 protein levels. Moreover, brassinosteroid (BR) promotes grain development by decreasing TabHLH489 expression through the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1). Importantly, natural variations in the promoter region of TabHLH489 affect the TaBZR1 binding ability, thereby influencing TabHLH489 expression. Taken together, our findings reveal that the TaSnRK1alpha1-TabHLH489 regulatory module integrates BR and sugar signalling to regulate grain length, presenting potential targets for enhancing grain size in wheat.
PMID: 38412139
Plant Biotechnol J , IF:9.803 , 2024 Feb , V22 (2) : P363-378 doi: 10.1111/pbi.14190
The GRAS protein OsDLA involves in brassinosteroid signalling and positively regulates blast resistance by forming a module with GSK2 and OsWRKY53 in rice.
MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, Department of Plant Biosecurity, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.; MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in shaping the architecture of rice (Oryza sativa) plants. However, the regulatory mechanism of BR signalling in rice immunity remains largely unexplored. Here we identify a rice mutant dla, which exhibits decreased leaf angles and is insensitive to 24-epiBL (a highly active synthetic BR), resembling the BR-deficient phenotype. The dla mutation caused by a T-DNA insertion in the OsDLA gene leads to downregulation of the causative gene. The OsDLA knockout plants display reduced leaf angles and less sensitivity to 24-epiBL. In addition, both dla mutant and OsDLA knockout plants are more susceptible to rice blast compared to the wild type. OsDLA is a GRAS transcription factor and interacts with the BR signalling core negative regulator, GSK2. GSK2 phosphorylates OsDLA for degradation via the 26S proteasome. The GSK2 RNAi line exhibits enhanced rice blast resistance, while the overexpression lines thereof show susceptibility to rice blast. Furthermore, we show that OsDLA interacts with and stabilizes the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY53, which has been demonstrated to positively regulate BR signalling and blast resistance. OsWRKY53 directly binds the promoter of PBZ1 and activates its expression, and this activation can be enhanced by OsDLA. Together, our findings unravel a novel mechanism whereby the GSK2-OsDLA-OsWRKY53 module coordinates blast resistance and plant architecture via BR signalling in rice.
PMID: 37794842
EMBO Rep , IF:8.807 , 2024 Feb , V25 (2) : P489-505 doi: 10.1038/s44319-023-00029-x
S-acylation of a non-secreted peptide controls plant immunity via secreted-peptide signal activation.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.; Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. yangchw@scnu.edu.cn.; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. 20141062@m.scnu.edu.cn.
Small peptides modulate multiple processes in plant cells, but their regulation by post-translational modification remains unclear. ROT4 (ROTUNDIFOLIA4) belongs to a family of Arabidopsis non-secreted small peptides, but knowledge on its molecular function and how it is regulated is limited. Here, we find that ROT4 is S-acylated in plant cells. S-acylation is an important form of protein lipidation, yet so far it has not been reported to regulate small peptides in plants. We show that this modification is essential for the plasma membrane association of ROT4. Overexpression of S-acylated ROT4 results in a dramatic increase in immune gene expression. S-acylation of ROT4 enhances its interaction with BSK5 (BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE 5) to block the association between BSK5 and PEPR1 (PEP RECEPTOR1), a receptor kinase for secreted plant elicitor peptides (PEPs), thereby activating immune signaling. Phenotype analysis indicates that S-acylation is necessary for ROT4 functions in pathogen resistance, PEP response, and the regulation of development. Collectively, our work reveals an important role for S-acylation in the cross-talk of non-secreted and secreted peptide signaling in plant immunity.
PMID: 38177916
Plant Physiol , IF:8.34 , 2024 Feb doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae092
One more role for the brassinosteroid regulators: BZR1 and BES1 inhibit stomatal development in Arabidopsis cotyledons.
Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists, Rockville, USA.; School of Life Sciences and Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
PMID: 38378164
Plant Physiol , IF:8.34 , 2024 Feb doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae068
Brassinosteroid regulates stomatal development in etiolated cotyledons via transcription factors BZR1 and BES1.
School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are phytohormones that regulate stomatal development BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1. In this study, we report that BR represses stomatal development in etiolated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cotyledons via transcription factors BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) and bri1-EMS SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1), which directly target MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 9 (MKK9) and FAMA, two important genes for stomatal development. BZR1/BES1 bind MKK9 and FAMA promoters in vitro and in vivo, and mutation of the BZR1/BES1 binding motif in MKK9/FAMA promoters abolishes their transcription regulation by BZR1/BES1 in plants. Expression of a constitutively active MKK9 (MKK9DD) suppressed overproduction of stomata induced by BR deficiency, while expression of a constitutively inactive MKK9 (MKK9KR) induced high-density stomata in bzr1-1D. In addition, bzr-h, a sextuple mutant of the BZR1 family of proteins, produced overabundant stomata, and the dominant bzr1-1D and bes1-D mutants effectively suppressed the stomata-overproducing phenotype of brassinosteroid insensitive 1-116 (bri1-116) and brassinosteroid insensitive 2-1 (bin2-1). In conclusion, our results revealed important roles of BZR1/BES1 in stomatal development, and their transcriptional regulation of MKK9 and FAMA expression may contribute to BR-regulated stomatal development in etiolated Arabidopsis cotyledons.
PMID: 38345866
Plant Cell Environ , IF:7.228 , 2024 Feb , V47 (2) : P429-441 doi: 10.1111/pce.14758
Far-red light inhibits lateral bud growth mainly through enhancing apical dominance independently of strigolactone synthesis in tomato.
Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, People's Republic of China.; Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
The ratio of red light to far-red light (R:FR) is perceived by light receptors and consequently regulates plant architecture. Regulation of shoot branching by R:FR ratio involves plant hormones. However, the roles of strigolactone (SL), the key shoot branching hormone and the interplay of different hormones in the light regulation of shoot branching in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are elusive. Here, we found that defects in SL synthesis genes CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 7 (CCD7) and CCD8 in tomato resulted in more lateral bud growth but failed to reverse the FR inhibition of lateral bud growth, which was associated with increased auxin synthesis and decreased synthesis of cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroid (BR). Treatment of auxin also inhibited shoot branching in ccd mutants. However, CK released the FR inhibition of lateral bud growth in ccd mutants, concomitant with the upregulation of BR synthesis genes. Furthermore, plants that overexpressed BR synthesis gene showed more lateral bud growth and the shoot branching was less sensitive to the low R:FR ratio. The results indicate that SL synthesis is dispensable for light regulation of shoot branching in tomato. Auxin mediates the response to R:FR ratio to regulate shoot branching by suppressing CK and BR synthesis.
PMID: 37916615
Plant Cell Environ , IF:7.228 , 2024 Feb , V47 (2) : P511-526 doi: 10.1111/pce.14745
Brassinosteroid enhances salt tolerance via S-nitrosoglutathione reductase and nitric oxide signaling pathway in mangrove Kandelia obovata.
Key Laboratory for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research of MOE, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Brassinosteroid (BR) has been shown to modulate plant tolerance to various stresses. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is involved in the plant response to environment stress by fine-turning the level of nitric oxide (NO). However, whether GSNOR is involved in BR-regulated Na(+) /K(+) homeostasis to improve the salt tolerance in halophyte is unknown. Here, we firstly reported that high salinity increases the expression of BR-biosynthesis genes and the endogenous levels of BR in mangrove Kandelia obovata. Then, salt-induced BR triggers the activities and gene expressions of GSNOR and antioxidant enzymes, thereafter decrease the levels of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide. Subsequently, BR-mediated GSNOR negatively regulates NO contributions to the reduction of reactive oxygen species generation and induction of the gene expression related to Na(+) and K(+) transport, leading to the decrease of Na(+) /K(+) ratio in the roots of K. obovata. Finally, the applications of exogenous BR, NO scavenger, BR biosynthetic inhibitor and GSNOR inhibitor further confirm the function of BR. Taken together, our result provides insight into the mechanism of BR in the response of mangrove K. obovata to high salinity via GSNOR and NO signaling pathway by reducing oxidative damage and modulating Na(+) /K(+) homeostasis.
PMID: 37869766
J Exp Bot , IF:6.992 , 2024 Feb , V75 (5) : P1205-1209 doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae008
Waking up Sleeping Beauty: DNA damage activates dormant stem cell division by enhancing brassinosteroid signaling.
Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium.; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium.
This article comments on: Takahashi N, Suita K, Koike T, Ogita N, Zhang Y, Umeda M. 2024. DNA double-strand breaks enhance brassinosteroid signaling to activate quiescent center cell division in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 1364-1375.
PMID: 38416206
J Exp Bot , IF:6.992 , 2024 Feb , V75 (5) : P1364-1375 doi: 10.1093/jxb/erad424
DNA double-strand breaks enhance brassinosteroid signaling to activate quiescent center cell division in Arabidopsis.
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
In Arabidopsis roots, the quiescent center (QC), a group of slowly dividing cells located at the center of the stem cell niche, functions as an organizing center to maintain the stemness of neighboring cells. Recent studies have shown that they also act as a reservoir for backup cells, which replenish DNA-damaged stem cells by activating cell division. The latter function is essential for maintaining stem cells under stressful conditions, thereby guaranteeing post-embryonic root development in fluctuating environments. In this study, we show that one of the brassinosteroid receptors in Arabidopsis, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-LIKE3 (BRL3), plays a major role in activating QC division in response to DNA double-strand breaks. SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1, a master transcription factor governing DNA damage response, directly induces BRL3. DNA damage-induced QC division was completely suppressed in brl3 mutants, whereas QC-specific overexpression of BRL3 activated QC division. Our data also showed that BRL3 is required to induce the AP2-type transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 115, which triggers regenerative cell division. We propose that BRL3-dependent brassinosteroid signaling plays a unique role in activating QC division and replenishing dead stem cells, thereby enabling roots to restart growing after recovery from genotoxic stress.
PMID: 37882240
J Exp Bot , IF:6.992 , 2024 Feb , V75 (3) : P789-801 doi: 10.1093/jxb/erad397
Regulatory networks of the F-box protein FBX206 and OVATE family proteins modulate brassinosteroid biosynthesis to regulate grain size and yield in rice.
Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
F-box proteins participate in the regulation of many processes, including cell division, development, and plant hormone responses. Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant growth and development by activating core transcriptional and other multiple factors. In rice, OVATE family proteins (OFPs) participate in BR signalling and regulate grain size. Here we identified an F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, FBX206, that acts as a negative factor in BR signalling and regulates grain size and yield in rice. Suppressed expression of FBX206 by RNAi leads to promoted plant growth and increased grain yield. Molecular analyses showed that the expression levels of BR biosynthetic genes were up-regulated, whereas those of BR catabolic genes were down-regulated in FBX206-RNAi plants, resulting in the accumulation of 28-homoBL, one of the bioactive BRs. FBX206 interacted with OsOFP8, a positive regulator in BR signalling, and OsOFP19, a negative regulator in BR signalling. SCFFBX206 mediated the degradation of OsOFP8 but suppressed OsOFP19 degradation. OsOFP8 interacted with OsOFP19, and the reciprocal regulation between OsOFP8 and OsOFP19 required the presence of FBX206. FBX206 itself was ubiquitinated and degraded, but interactions of OsOFP8 and OsOFP19 synergistically suppressed the degradation of FBX206. Genetic interactions indicated an additive effect between FBX206 and OsOFP8 and epistatic effects of OsOFP19 on FBX206 and OsOFP8. Our study reveals the regulatory networks of FBX206, OsOFP8, and OsOFP19 in BR signalling that regulate grain size and yield in rice.
PMID: 37818650
Plant J , IF:6.417 , 2024 Feb , V117 (3) : P747-765 doi: 10.1111/tpj.16527
Comparative analysis of BZR1/BES1 family transcription factors in Arabidopsis.
Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.; Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.; Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.; The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.; Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.; School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
Brassinazole Resistant 1 (BZR1) and bri1 EMS Suppressor 1 (BES1) are key transcription factors that mediate brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis. The BZR1/BES1 family is composed of BZR1, BES1, and four BES1/BZR1 homologs (BEH1-BEH4). However, little is known about whether BEHs are regulated by BR signaling in the same way as BZR1 and BES1. We comparatively analyzed the functional characteristics of six BZR1/BES1 family members and their regulatory mechanisms in BR signaling using genetic and biochemical analyses. We also compared their subcellular localizations regulated by the phosphorylation status, interaction with GSK3-like kinases, and heterodimeric combination. We found that all BZR1/BES1 family members restored the phenotypic defects of bri1-5 by their overexpression. Unexpectedly, BEH2-overexpressing plants showed the most distinct phenotype with enhanced BR responses. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that overexpression of both BZR1 and BEH2 regulates BR-responsive gene expression, but BEH2 has a much greater proportion of BR-independent gene expression than BZR1. Unlike BZR1 and BES1, the BR-regulated subcellular translocation of the four BEHs was not tightly correlated with their phosphorylation status. Notably, BEH1 and BEH2 are predominantly localized in the nucleus, which induces the nuclear accumulation of other BZR1/BES1 family proteins through heterodimerization. Altogether, our comparative analyses suggest that BEH1 and BEH2 play an important role in the functional interaction between BZR1/BES1 family transcription factors.
PMID: 37926922
Int J Mol Sci , IF:5.923 , 2024 Jan , V25 (3) doi: 10.3390/ijms25031699
Molecular Insights into the Accelerated Sprouting of and Apical Dominance Release in Potato Tubers Subjected to Post-Harvest Heat Stress.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.; Institute of Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Mountainous Areas, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guiyang 550025, China.; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Potato Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Climate change-induced heat stress (HS) increasingly threatens potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production by impacting tuberization and causing the premature sprouting of tubers grown during the hot season. However, the effects of post-harvest HS on tuber sprouting have yet to be explored. This study aims to investigate the effects of post-harvest HS on tuber sprouting and to explore the underlying transcriptomic changes in apical bud meristems. The results show that post-harvest HS facilitates potato tuber sprouting and negates apical dominance. A meticulous transcriptomic profiling of apical bud meristems unearthed a spectrum of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) activated in response to HS. During the heightened sprouting activity that occurred at 15-18 days of HS, the pathways associated with starch metabolism, photomorphogenesis, and circadian rhythm were predominantly suppressed, while those governing chromosome organization, steroid biosynthesis, and transcription factors were markedly enhanced. The critical DEGs encompassed the enzymes pivotal for starch metabolism, the genes central to gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and influential developmental transcription factors, such as SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES 1, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS, and MONOPTEROS. These findings suggest that HS orchestrates tuber sprouting through nuanced alterations in gene expression within the meristematic tissues, specifically influencing chromatin organization, hormonal biosynthesis pathways, and the transcription factors presiding over meristem fate determination. The present study provides novel insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms whereby post-harvest HS influences tuber sprouting. The findings have important implications for developing strategies to mitigate HS-induced tuber sprouting in the context of climate change.
PMID: 38338975
Front Plant Sci , IF:5.753 , 2024 , V15 : P1336116 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336116
Melatonin and 14-hydroxyed brassinosteroid combined promote kiwifruit seedling growth by improving soil microbial distribution, enzyme activity and nutrients uptake.
College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Kiwifruit, a nutrient-dense fruit, has become increasingly popular with consumers in recent decades. However, kiwifruit trees are prone to stunted growth after a few years of planting, called early tree decline. In this study, melatonin (MT), pollen polysaccharide (SF), 14-hydroxyed brassinosteroid (14-HBR) were applied alone or in combination to investigate their influence on plant growth, nutrition absorption and rhizosphere bacterial abundance in kiwifruit seedlings. The results revealed that MT, SF and 14-HBR alone treatments significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity and activities of dismutase and catalase compared with the control. Among them, MT treatment significantly increased the dry root biomass by 35.7%, while MT+14-HBR treatment significant enhanced the dry shoot biomass by 36.9%. Furthermore, both MT and MT+14-HBR treatments markedly improved the activities of invertase, urease, protease and phosphatase in soil, as well as the abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in rhizosphere microorganisms based on 16S rDNA sequencing. In addition, MT treatment improved the content of available K and organic matter in soil, and increased the uptake of P, K and Fe by seedlings. In summary, 14-HBR and MT combined had the best effect on promoting rhizosphere bacterial distribution, nutrient absorption and plant growth. These findings may provide valuable guidance for solving growth weakness problem in kiwifruit cultivation.
PMID: 38390297
Plant Cell Physiol , IF:4.927 , 2024 Feb doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcae014
Recent advances in understanding the regulatory mechanism of plasma membrane H+-ATPase through the brassinosteroid signaling pathway.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.; School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
The polyhydroxylated steroid phytohormone brassinosteroids (BRs) control many aspects of plant growth, development and responses to environmental changes. Plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase, the well-known PM proton pump, is a central regulator in plant physiology, which mediates not only plant growth and development, but also adaptation to stresses. Recent studies highlight that PM H+-ATPase is at least partly regulated via the BR signaling. Firstly, the BR cell surface receptor BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and multiple key components of BR signaling directly or indirectly influence PM H+-ATPase activity. Secondly, the SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR) gene family physically interacts with BRI1 to enhance organ development of Arabidopsis by activating PM H+-ATPase. Thirdly, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) assays showed that the expression of some SAUR genes is upregulated under the light or sucrose conditions, which is related to the phosphorylation state of the penultimate residue of PM H+-ATPase in a time-course manner. In this review, we describe the structural and functional features of PM H+-ATPase, and summarize recent progress toward understanding the regulatory mechanism of PM H+-ATPase by BRs, and briefly introduce how PM H+-ATPase activity is modulated by its own biterminal regions and the post-translational modifications.
PMID: 38372617
Pest Manag Sci , IF:4.845 , 2024 Mar , V80 (3) : P1249-1257 doi: 10.1002/ps.7854
Protective mechanisms of neral as a plant-derived safener against fenoxaprop-p-ethyl injury in rice.
Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
BACKGROUND: The use of herbicide safeners effectively minimises crop damage while maintaining the full efficacy of herbicides. The present study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of neral (NR) as a safener, in order to mitigate injury caused by fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FE) on rice. RESULTS: The alleviating effect of NR was similar to that of the safener isoxadifen-ethyl (IE). The root elongation of rice was significantly promoted under the FE + NR and FE + IE treatments, as compared to the FE treatment. The transcriptome analysis further suggested that the effects of NR treatment on plant metabolic pathways differed from those of IE treatment. In total, 895 and 47 up-differentially expressed genes induced by NR (NR-inducible genes) and IE (IE-inducible genes) were identified. NR-inducible genes were mainly enriched in phytohormone synthesis and signalling response, including 'response to brassinosteroid', 'response to jasmonic acid', 'response to ethylene', 'brassinosteroid metabolic process', 'brassinosteroid biosynthesis' and 'plant hormone signal transduction'. In contrast, IE-inducible genes were predominantly enriched in glutathione metabolism. The activity of glutathione S-transferase was found to be increased after IE treatment, whereas no significant increase was observed following NR treatment. Moreover, several transcription factor genes, such as those encoding AP2/ERF-ERF and (basic helix-loop-helix) bHLH were found to be significantly induced by NR treatment. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of the utilisation of NR as an herbicide safener. The results of this study suggest the toxicity of FE to rice is mitigated by NR through a distinct mechanism compared to IE. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
PMID: 37940406
Plant Sci , IF:4.729 , 2024 Feb , V342 : P112033 doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112033
BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 associates with and is required for cysteine protease RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION 19-mediated disease resistance in Arabidopsis.
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.; State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address: dztang@fafu.edu.cn.; State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China. Electronic address: shihua_2004@163.com.
The receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 (BSK1) interacts with pattern recognition receptor (PRR) FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and positively regulates plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the molecular components involved in BSK1-mediated immune signaling remain largely unknown. To further explore the molecular mechanism underlying BSK1-mediated disease resistance, we screened two cysteine proteases, RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION 19 (RD19) and RD19-LIKE 2 (RDL2), as BSK1-binding partners. Overexpression of RD19, but not RDL2, displayed an autoimmune phenotype, presenting programmed cell death and enhanced resistance to multiple pathogens. Interestingly, RD19-mediated immune activation depends on BSK1, as knockout of BSK1 in RD19-overexpressing plants rescued their autoimmunity and abolished the increased resistance. Furthermore, we found that BSK1 plays a positive role in maintaining RD19 protein abundance in Arabidopsis. Our results provide new insights into BSK1-mediated immune signaling and reveal a potential mechanism by which BSK1 stabilizes RD19 to promote effective immune output.
PMID: 38354753
Plant Sci , IF:4.729 , 2024 Apr , V341 : P112014 doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112014
Overexpression of a BR inactivating enzyme gene GhPAG1 impacts eggplant fruit development and anthocyanin accumulation mainly by altering hormone homeostasis.
School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of New Germplasm Creation and Utilization for Solanaceous Vegetable Crops, Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuqiang Road 51, Zhumadian 463000, China.; Henan Youmei Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Zhoukou 466100, China.; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of New Germplasm Creation and Utilization for Solanaceous Vegetable Crops, Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuqiang Road 51, Zhumadian 463000, China. Electronic address: jiangjun2251@163.com.; School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China. Electronic address: zhangyanjie@zzu.edu.cn.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) function importantly in plant growth and development, but the roles in regulating fruit development and anthocyanin pigmentation remain unclear. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important Solanaceae vegetable crop rich in anthocyanins. The fruit size and coloration are important agronomic traits for eggplant breeding. In this study, transgenic eggplant exhibiting endogenous BRs deficiency was created by overexpressing a heterologous BRs-inactivating enzyme gene GhPAG1 driven by CaMV 35 S promoter. 35 S::GhPAG1 eggplant exhibited severe dwarfism, reduced fruit size, and less anthocyanin accumulation. Microscopic observation showed that the cell size of 35 S::GhPAG1 eggplant was significantly reduced compared to WT. Furthermore, the levels of IAA, ME-IAA, and active JAs (JA, JA-ILE, and H2JA) all decreased in 35 S::GhPAG1 eggplant fruit. RNA-Seq analyses showed a decrease in the expression of genes involved in cell elongation, auxin signaling, and JA signaling. Besides, overexpression of GhPAG1 significantly downregulated anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and associated transcription regulators. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that endogenous brassinosteroid deficiency arising from GhPAG1 overexpression impacts eggplant fruit development and anthocyanin coloration mainly by altering hormone homeostasis.
PMID: 38309473
BMC Plant Biol , IF:4.215 , 2024 Feb , V24 (1) : P87 doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-04741-1
Natural genetic variation in GLK1-mediated photosynthetic acclimation in response to light.
Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany. jose.muino-acuna@bfr.bund.de.; Current Address: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany. jose.muino-acuna@bfr.bund.de.; Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.; Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Munich, Germany.; Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany. kerstin.kaufmann@hu-berlin.de.
BACKGROUND: GOLDEN-like (GLK) transcription factors are central regulators of chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis and other species. Findings from Arabidopsis show that these factors also contribute to photosynthetic acclimation, e.g. to variation in light intensity, and are controlled by retrograde signals emanating from the chloroplast. However, the natural variation of GLK1-centered gene-regulatory networks in Arabidopsis is largely unexplored. RESULTS: By evaluating the activities of GLK1 target genes and GLK1 itself in vegetative leaves of natural Arabidopsis accessions grown under standard conditions, we uncovered variation in the activity of GLK1 centered regulatory networks. This is linked with the ecogeographic origin of the accessions, and can be associated with a complex genetic variation across loci acting in different functional pathways, including photosynthesis, ROS and brassinosteroid pathways. Our results identify candidate upstream regulators that contribute to a basal level of GLK1 activity in rosette leaves, which can then impact the capacity to acclimate to different environmental conditions. Indeed, accessions with higher GLK1 activity, arising from habitats with a high monthly variation in solar radiation levels, may show lower levels of photoinhibition at higher light intensities. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence for natural variation in GLK1 regulatory activities in vegetative leaves. This variation is associated with ecogeographic origin and can contribute to acclimation to high light conditions.
PMID: 38311744
BMC Genomics , IF:3.969 , 2024 Feb , V25 (1) : P207 doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10119-2
Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis highlight key pathways involved in the somatic embryogenesis of Darjeeling tea.
Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN80, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, India.; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, EN80, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, India. gaurabgangopadhyay@gmail.com.
BACKGROUND: Darjeeling tea is a globally renowned beverage, which faces numerous obstacles in sexual reproduction, such as self-incompatibility, poor seed germination, and viability, as well as issues with vegetative propagation. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a valuable method for rapid clonal propagation of Darjeeling tea. However, the metabolic regulatory mechanisms underlying SE in Darjeeling tea remain largely unknown. To address this, we conducted an integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis of embryogenic callus (EC), globular embryo (GE), and heart-shaped embryo (HE). RESULTS: The integrated analyses showed that various genes and metabolites involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway, auxin biosynthesis pathway, gibberellin, brassinosteroid and amino acids biosynthesis pathways were differentially enriched in EC, GE, and HE. Our results revealed that despite highly up-regulated auxin biosynthesis genes YUC1, TAR1 and AAO1 in EC, endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was significantly lower in EC than GE and HE. However, bioactive Gibberellin A4 displayed higher accumulation in EC. We also found higher BABY BOOM (BBM) and Leafy cotyledon1 (LEC1) gene expression in GE along with high accumulation of castasterone, a brassinosteroid. Total flavonoids and phenolics levels were elevated in GE and HE compared to EC, especially the phenolic compound chlorogenic acid was highly accumulated in GE. CONCLUSIONS: Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed enriched metabolic pathways, including auxin biosynthesis and signal transduction, brassinosteroid, gibberellin, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, amino acids metabolism, and transcription factors (TFs) during SE in Darjeeling tea. Notably, EC displayed lower endogenous IAA levels, conducive to maintaining differentiation, while higher IAA concentration in GE and HE was crucial for preserving embryo identity. Additionally, a negative correlation between bioactive gibberellin A4 (GA4) and IAA was observed, impacting callus growth in EC. The high accumulation of chlorogenic acid, a phenolic compound, might contribute to the low success rate in GE and HE formation in Darjeeling tea. TFs such as BBM1, LEC1, FUS3, LEA, WOX3, and WOX11 appeared to regulate gene expression, influencing SE in Darjeeling tea.
PMID: 38395740
Plants (Basel) , IF:3.935 , 2024 Jan , V13 (3) doi: 10.3390/plants13030407
Identification and Characterization of the BZR Transcription Factor Genes Family in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Their Expression Profiles in Response to Abiotic Stresses.
Center for Crop Biotechnology, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China.
Brassinazole resistant (BZR) genes act downstream of the brassinosteroid signaling pathway regulating plant growth and development and participating in plant stress responses. However, the BZR gene family has not systematically been characterized in potato. We identified eight BZR genes in Solanum tuberosum, which were distributed among seven chromosomes unequally and were classified into three subgroups. Potato and tomato BZR proteins were shown to be closely related with high levels of similarity. The BZR gene family members in each subgroup contained similar conserved motifs. StBZR genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their functional differentiation during evolution. StBZR4, StBZR7, and StBZR8 were highly expressed under white light in microtubers. StBZR1 showed a progressive up-regulation from 0 to 6 h and a progressive down-regulation from 6 to 24 h after drought and salt stress. StBZR1, StBZR2, StBZR4, StBZR5, StBZR6, StBZR7 and StBZR8 were significantly induced from 0 to 3 h under BR treatment. This implied StBZR genes are involved in phytohormone and stress response signaling pathways. Our results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the functional mechanisms of BZR genes in potato.
PMID: 38337940
J Sci Food Agric , IF:3.638 , 2024 Feb , V104 (3) : P1621-1629 doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13047
Impact of 24-epibrassinoliode and methyl jasmonate on quality of Red Delicious apples.
Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Biological Resources in Northeast of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.; College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China.; Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
BACKGROUND: Changes in apple fruit quality indices in response to foliar spray with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) at 0 and 1 mumol L(-1) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) at 0 and 0.5 mumol L(-1) , as well as the combination of these phytohormones, were investigated at harvest and during cold storage. RESULTS: Both phytohormones synergistically enhanced the fruit firmness, specific weight, size, fresh weight, water content, total antioxidant activity, total phenolics, ascorbic acid, total anthocyanins, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and precocity. In addition, the fruit abscission pattern was changed in response to different treatments. Treated fruit exhibited lower weight loss and internal breakdown symptoms and higher total soluble solids index, firmness and phytochemicals during cold storage. A negative correlation was seen between fruit mass, firmness, specific weight, antioxidant activity, total phenolics and vitamin C content with internal breakdown occurrence and weight loss. CONCLUSION: Foliar spray with EBL and MeJA during the growth season is a good environmental friendly and safe method for enhancing the apple fruit different quality parameters, marketability and postharvest life. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
PMID: 37827991
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem , IF:2.043 , 2024 Feb , V88 (3) : P283-293 doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad180
Genome-wide identification and expression profiles of the Phytophthora infestans responsive CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) in Solanum tuberosum.
College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Cytochrome P450s represent one of the largest protein families across all domains of life. In plants, biotic stress can regulate the expression of some P450 genes. However, the CYPome (cytochrome P450 complement) in Solanum tuberosum and its response to Phytophthora infestans infection remains unrevealed. In this study, 488 P450 genes were identified from potato genome, which can be divided into 41 families and 57 subfamilies. Responding to the infection of P. infestans, 375 potato P450 genes were expressed in late blight resistant or susceptible cultivars. A total of 14 P450 genes were identified as resistant related candidates, and 81 P450 genes were identified as late blight responsive candidates. Several phytohormone biosynthesis, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis involved P450 genes were differentially expressed during the potato-pathogen interactions. This study firstly reported the CYPome in S. tuberosum, and characterized the expression patterns of these P450 genes during the infection of P. infestans.
PMID: 38115610
Plant Pathol J , IF:1.795 , 2024 Feb , V40 (1) : P30-39 doi: 10.5423/PPJ.FT.11.2023.0161
Transcriptomic Insights into Abies koreana Drought Tolerance Conferred by Aureobasidium pullulans AK10.
Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.; Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea.; Department of Plant Pathology, Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Giza 12613, Egypt.; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
The conservation of the endangered Korean fir, Abies koreana, is of critical ecological importance. In our previous study, a yeast-like fungus identified as Aureobasidium pullulans AK10, was isolated and shown to enhance drought tolerance in A. koreana seedlings. In this study, the effectiveness of Au. pullulans AK10 treatment in enhancing drought tolerance in A. koreana was confirmed. Furthermore, using transcriptome analysis, we compared A. koreana seedlings treated with Au. pullulans AK10 to untreated controls under drought conditions to elucidate the molecular responses involved in increased drought tolerance. Our findings revealed a predominance of downregulated genes in the treated seedlings, suggesting a strategic reallocation of resources to enhance stress defense. Further exploration of enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and protein-protein interaction networks revealed significant alterations in functional systems known to fortify drought tolerance, including the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, calcium signaling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and, crucially, flavonoid biosynthesis, renowned for enhancing plant drought resistance. These findings deepen our comprehension of how AK10 biostimulation enhances the resilience of A. koreana to drought stress, marking a substantial advancement in the effort to conserve this endangered tree species through environmentally sustainable treatment.
PMID: 38326956
Plant Commun , 2024 Feb : P100849 doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100849
The protein phosphatase qGL3/OsPPKL1 self-regulates its degradation to orchestrate brassinosteroid signaling in rice.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China.; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China. Electronic address: huangji@njau.edu.cn.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. In previous studies, we cloned and identified PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE WITH KELCH-LIKE1 (OsPPKL1) as the causal gene for the quantitative trait locus GRAIN LENGHT3 (qGL3) in rice (Oryza sativa). We also showed that qGL3/OsPPKL1 is mainly located in the cytoplasm and nucleus and negatively regulates BR signaling and grain length. Since qGL3 is a negative regulator of BR signaling, its turnover is critical to rapidly respond to changes in BRs. Here, we demonstrate that a WD40 domain-containing protein WD40-REPEAT PROTEIN48 (OsWDR48), which contains a nucleus export signal (NES). The NES signal is crucial for the cytosolic localization of OsWDR48 and also functions in the self-turnover of qGL3. We show that OsWDR48 physically interacts with and genetically acts through qGL3 to modulate BR signaling. Moreover, qGL3 may indirectly promote the phosphorylation of OsWDR48 at Ser-379 and Ser-386 sites. The substitutions of both phosphorylation sites in OsWDR48 to non-phosphorylatable alanine enhanced the strength of the OsWDR48-qGL3 interaction. Furthermore, we found brassinolide could promote the accumulation of non-phosphorylated OsWDR48, leading to strong interaction intensity between qGL3 and OsWDR48. Taken together, OsWDR48 facilitates qGL3 retention and induces degradation of qGL3 in the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that qGL3 self-modulates its turnover by binding to OsWDR48 to regulate its cytoplasmic location and stability, leading to an efficient orchestration of BR signal transduction in rice.
PMID: 38384133