Curr Biol , IF:10.834 , 2022 Jan doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.043
ROPGAP-dependent interaction between brassinosteroid and ROP2-GTPase signaling controls pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis.
Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.; Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany.; FAFU-UCR Joint Centre for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.; Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany; Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: eurus@psb.vib-ugent.be.
The epidermal pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis is driven by chemical and mechanical cues that direct partitioning mechanisms required for the establishment of the lobe- and indentation-defining polar sites. Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones regulate pavement cell morphogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified two PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY GTPase-ACTIVATING proteins (PHGAPs) as substrates of the GSK3-like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). The phgap1phgap2 mutant displayed severe epidermal cell shape phenotypes, and the PHGAPs were markedly enriched in the anticlinal face of the pavement cell indenting regions. BIN2 phosphorylation of PHGAPs was required for their stability and polarization. BIN2 inhibition activated ROP2-GTPase signaling specifically in the lobes because of PHGAP degradation, while the PHGAPs restrained ROP2 activity in the indentations. Hence, we connect BR and ROP2-GTPase signaling pathways via the regulation of PHGAPs and put forward the importance of spatiotemporal control of BR signaling for pavement cell interdigitation.
PMID: 35085499
Plant Physiol , IF:8.34 , 2022 Jan doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiac015
The Histone Deacetylase 1/ GSK3/SHAGGY-Like Kinase 2/ BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 Module Controls Lateral Root Formation in Rice.
State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Lateral roots (LRs) are a main component of the root system of rice (Oryza sativa) that increases root surface area, enabling efficient absorption water and nutrients. However, the molecular mechanism regulating LR formation in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we report that Histone Deacetylase 1 (OsHDAC1) positively regulates LR formation in rice. Rice OsHDAC1 RNAi plants produced fewer lateral roots than wild-type plants, whereas plants overexpressing OsHDAC1 exhibited increased lateral root proliferation by promoting LR primordia formation. Brassinosteroid treatment increased the LR number, as did mutation of GSK3/SHAGGY-like kinase 2 (OsGSK2), whereas overexpression of OsGSK2 decreased the LR number. Importantly, OsHDAC1 could directly interact with and deacetylate OsGSK2, inhibiting its activity. OsGSK2 deacetylation attenuated the interaction between OsGSK2 and BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (OsBZR1), leading to accumulation of OsBZR1. Overexpression of OsBZR1 increased LR formation by regulating Auxin/IAA signaling genes. Taken together, the results indicate that OsHDAC1 regulates LR formation in rice by deactivating OsGSK2, thereby preventing degradation of OsBZR1, a positive regulator of LR primordia formation. Our findings suggest that OsHDAC1 is a breeding target in rice that can improve resource capture.
PMID: 35078247
Plant Physiol , IF:8.34 , 2022 Jan , V188 (1) : P624-636 doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab484
qGL3/OsPPKL1 induces phosphorylation of 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b to inhibit OsBZR1 function in brassinosteroid signaling.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play essential roles in regulating plant growth and development, however, gaps still remain in our understanding of the BR signaling network. We previously cloned a grain length quantitative trait locus qGL3, encoding a rice (Oryza sativa L.) protein phosphatase with Kelch-like repeat domain (OsPPKL1), that negatively regulates grain length and BR signaling. To further explore the BR signaling network, we performed phosphoproteomic analysis to screen qGL3-regulated downstream components. We selected a 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b from the phosphoproteomic data for further analysis. qGL3 promoted the phosphorylation of OsGF14b and induced the interaction intensity between OsGF14b and OsBZR1. In addition, phosphorylation of OsGF14b played an important role in regulating nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of OsBZR1. The serine acids (Ser258Ser259) residues of OsGF14b play an essential role in BR-mediated responses and plant development. Genetic and molecular analyses indicated that OsGF14b functions as a negative regulator in BR signaling and represses the transcriptional activation activity of OsBZR1. Collectively, these results demonstrate that qGL3 induces the phosphorylation of OsGF14b, which modulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and transcriptional activation activity of OsBZR1, to eventually negatively regulate BR signaling and grain length in rice.
PMID: 34662408
Elife , IF:8.14 , 2022 Jan , V11 doi: 10.7554/eLife.74162
Regulation of immune receptor kinase plasma membrane nanoscale organization by a plant peptide hormone and its receptors.
Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.; Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Center, Haixia, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Spatial partitioning is a propensity of biological systems orchestrating cell activities in space and time. The dynamic regulation of plasma membrane nano-environments has recently emerged as a key fundamental aspect of plant signaling, but the molecular components governing it are still mostly unclear. The receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) controls ligand-induced complex formation of the immune receptor kinase FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) with its co-receptor BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1), and perception of the endogenous peptide hormone RAPID ALKALANIZATION FACTOR 23 (RALF23) by FER inhibits immunity. Here, we show that FER regulates the plasma membrane nanoscale organization of FLS2 and BAK1. Our study demonstrates that akin to FER, leucine-rich repeat (LRR) extensin proteins (LRXs) contribute to RALF23 responsiveness and regulate BAK1 nanoscale organization and immune signaling. Furthermore, RALF23 perception leads to rapid modification of FLS2 and BAK1 nanoscale organization, and its inhibitory activity on immune signaling relies on FER kinase activity. Our results suggest that perception of RALF peptides by FER and LRXs actively modulates plasma membrane nanoscale organization to regulate cell surface signaling by other ligand-binding receptor kinases.
PMID: 34989334
Environ Pollut , IF:8.071 , 2022 Jan , V293 : P118510 doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118510
Roles of exogenous plant growth regulators on phytoextraction of Cd/Pb/Zn by Sedum alfredii Hance in contaminated soils.
MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.; College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.; University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, United States.; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xeyang@zju.edu.cn.
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) assisted phytoextraction was investigated as a viable phytoremediation technology to increase the phytoextraction efficiency in contaminated soils. This study aimed to evaluate the cadimum (Cd)/lead (Pb)/zinc (Zn) phytoextraction efficiency by a hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance (S. alfredii) treated with 9 PGRs, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA3), cytokinin (CKs), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ETH), brassinosteroid (BR), salicylic acid (SA), strigolactones (SL) and jasmonic acid (JA), in slightly or heavily contaminated (SC and HC, respectively) soil. Results demonstrated that PGRs were able to improve S. alfredii biomass, the most significant increases were observed in GA3 and SL for HC soil, while for SC soil, IAA and BR exhibited positive effects. The levels of Cd, Pb and Zn in the shoots of S. alfredii treated with ABA and SL were noticeably greater than in the CK treatment in HC soil, while the uptake of metals were increased by IAA and CKs in SC soil. Combined with the results of biomass and metal contents in shoots, we found that ABA showed the highest Cd removal efficiency and the maximum Pb and Zn removal efficiency was observed with GA3, which was 62.99%, 269.23%, and 41.18%, respectively higher than the control in HC soil. Meanwhile, compared to control, the maximum removal efficiency of Cd by IAA treatment (52.80%), Pb by JA treatment (165.1%), and Zn by BR treatment (44.97%) in the SC soil. Overall, our results suggested that these PGRs, especially, ABA, SL, IAA, BR and GA3 had great potential in improving phytoremediation efficiency of S. alfredii grown in contaminated soils.
PMID: 34793909
J Exp Bot , IF:6.992 , 2022 Jan , V73 (3) : P711-726 doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab451
Glucose regulates cotton fiber elongation by interacting with brassinosteroid.
State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
In plants, glucose (Glc) plays important roles, as a nutrient and signal molecule, in the regulation of growth and development. However, the function of Glc in fiber development of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is unclear. Here, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we found that the Glc content in fibers was higher than that in ovules during the fiber elongation stage. In vitro ovule culture revealed that lower Glc concentrations promoted cotton fiber elongation, while higher concentrations had inhibitory effects. The hexokinase inhibitor N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) inhibited cotton fiber elongation in the cultured ovules, indicating that Glc-mediated fiber elongation depends on the Glc signal transduced by hexokinase. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and hormone content detection showed that 150mM Glc significantly activated brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, and the expression of signaling-related genes was also increased, which promoted fiber elongation. In vitro ovule culture clarified that BR induced cotton fiber elongation in a dose-dependent manner. In hormone recovery experiments, only BR compensated for the inhibitory effects of NAG on fiber elongation in a Glc-containing medium. However, the ovules cultured with the BR biosynthetic inhibitor brassinazole and from the BR-deficient cotton mutant pag1 had greatly reduced fiber elongation at all the Glc concentrations tested. This demonstrates that Glc does not compensate for the inhibition of fiber elongation caused by BR biosynthetic defects, suggesting that the BR signaling pathway works downstream of Glc during cotton fiber elongation. Altogether, our study showed that Glc plays an important role in cotton fibre elongation, and crosstalk occurs between Glc and BR signaling during modulation of fiber elongation.
PMID: 34636403
Int J Biol Macromol , IF:6.953 , 2022 Jan , V195 : P217-228 doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.205
GhAPC8 regulates leaf blade angle by modulating multiple hormones in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).
Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000 Xinjiang, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.; Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000 Xinjiang, China.; CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.; Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000 Xinjiang, China. Electronic address: sunjie@shzu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000 Xinjiang, China. Electronic address: xuefei@shzu.edu.cn.
Leaf angle, including leaf petiole angle (LPA) and leaf blade angle (LBA), is an important trait affecting plant architecture. Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) genes play a vital role in plant growth and development, including regulation of leaf angle. Here, we identified and characterized the APC genes in Upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) with a focus on GhAPC8, a homolog of soybean GmILPA1 involved in regulation of LPA. We showed that independently silencing the At or Dt sub-genome homoeolog of GhAPC8 using virus-induced gene silencing reduced plant height and LBA, and that reduction of LBA could be caused by uneven growth of cortex parenchyma cells on the adaxial and abaxial sides of the junction between leaf blade and leaf petiole. The junction between leaf blade and leaf petiole of the GhAPC8-silenced plants had an elevated level of brassinosteroid (BR) and a decreased levels of auxin and gibberellin. Consistently, comparative transcriptome analysis found that silencing GhAPC8 activated genes of the BR biosynthesis and signaling pathways as well as genes related to ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified gene modules significantly associated with plant height and LBA, and candidate genes bridging GhAPC8, the pathways of BR biosynthesis and signaling and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. These results demonstrated a role of GhAPC8 in regulating LBA, likely achieved by modulating the accumulation and signaling of multiple phytohormones.
PMID: 34896470
Hortic Res , IF:6.793 , 2022 Jan doi: 10.1093/hr/uhab014
Significant improvement of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) transgenic plant production by pre-transformation with a Baby boom transcription factor.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.; Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China.
BABY BOOM (BBM) is a member of the APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) family and its expression has been shown to improve herbaceous plant transformation and regeneration. However, this improvement has not been shown clearly for tree species. This study demonstrated that the efficiency of transgenic apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) plant production was dramatically increased by ectopic expression of the MdBBM1 gene. "Royal Gala" apple plants were first transformed with a CaMV35S-MdBBM1 construct (MBM) under kanamycin selection. These MBM transgenic plants exhibited enhanced shoot regeneration from leaf explants on tissue culture media, with most plants displaying a close-to-normal phenotype compared with CaMV35S-GUS transgenic plants when grown under greenhouse conditions, the exception being that some plants had slightly curly leaves. Thin leaf sections revealed the MBM plants produced more cells than the GUS plants, indicating that ectopic-expression of MdBBM1 enhanced cell division. Transcriptome analysis showed that mRNA levels for cell division activators and repressors linked to hormone (auxin, cytokinin and brassinosteroid) signalling pathways were enhanced and reduced, respectively, in the MBM plants compared with the GUS plants. Plants of eight independent MBM lines were compared with the GUS plants by re-transforming them with an herbicide-resistant gene construct. The number of transgenic plants produced per 100 leaf explants was 0-3% for the GUS plants, 3-8% for five MBM lines, and 20-30% for three MBM lines. Our results provided a solution for overcoming the barriers to transgenic plant production in apple, and possibly in other trees.
PMID: 35039859
Hortic Res , IF:6.793 , 2022 Jan , V9 doi: 10.1093/hr/uhab047
Transcriptomic and physiological analysis identifies a gene network module highly associated with brassinosteroid regulation in hybrid sweetgum tissues differing in the capability of somatic embryogenesis.
National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.; Centre for Forest Biology, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
Somatic embryogenesis is a preferred method for large-scale production of forest trees due to its high propagation efficiency. In this study, hybrid sweetgum leaves with phase changes from mature to embryogenic state were selected as experimental material to study somatic embryo initiation. Embryogenicity ranged from high to low, i.e. from 45%, 25%, and 12.5% to 0, with the samples of embryogenic callus (EC), whiten leaf edge (WLI), whiten leaf (WLII), and green leaf (GL) respectively. High correlations existed between embryogenicity and endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) (r = 0.95, p < 0.05). Similarly, concentrations of endogenous BRs of the sample set correlated positively (r = 0.93, 0.99, 0.87, 0.99, 0.96 respectively, P < 0.05) to expression of somatic embryo (SE)-related genes, i.e. BBM, LEC2, ABI3, PLT2, and WOX2. Hierarchical cluster and weighted gene coexpression network analysis identified modules of coexpressed genes and network in 4820 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from All-BR-Regulated Genes (ABRG). Moreover, exogenously-supplemented epiBR, together with 2,4-D and 6-BA, increased embryogenicity of GL-sourced callus, and expression of SE- and auxin-related genes, while brassinazole (BRZ), a BR biosynthesis inhibitor, reduced embryogenicity. Evidences obtained in this study revealed that BRs involved in phase change of leaf explants and may function in regulating gene expression and enhancing auxin effects. This study successfully established protocols for inducing somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants in hybrid sweetgum, which could facilitate the propagation process greatly, and provide theoretical basis for manipulating SE competence of explants in ornamental woody plants.
PMID: 35031801
Hortic Res , IF:6.793 , 2022 Jan , V9 doi: 10.1093/hr/uhab048
Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of cambium initiation and patterning in woody stem.
College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China.; Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.; College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Wood formation involves sequential developmental events requiring the coordination of multiple hormones. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a key role in wood development, but little is known about the cellular and molecular processes that underlie wood formation in tree species. Here, we generated transgenic poplar lines with edited PdBRI1 genes, which are orthologs of Arabidopsis vascular-enriched BR receptors, and showed how inhibition of BR signaling influences wood development at the mRNA and/or proteome level. Six Populus PdBRI1 genes formed three gene pairs, each of which was highly expressed in basal stems. Simultaneous mutation of PdBRI1-1, -2, -3 and - 6, which are orthologs of the Arabidopsis vascular-enriched BR receptors BRI1, BRL1 and BRL3, resulted in severe growth defects. In particular, the stems of these mutant lines displayed a discontinuous cambial ring and patterning defects in derived secondary vascular tissues. Abnormal cambial formation within the cortical parenchyma was also observed in the stems of pdbri1-1;2;3;6. Transgenic poplar plants expressing edited versions of PdBRI1-1 or PdBRI1-1;2;6 exhibited phenotypic alterations in stem development at 4.5 months of growth, indicating that there is functional redundancy among these PdBRI1 genes. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of pdbri1-1;2;3;6 stems revealed differential expression of a number of genes/proteins associated with wood development and hormones. Concordant (16%) and discordant (84%) regulation of mRNA and protein expression, including wood-associated mRNA/protein expression, was found in pdbri1-1;2;3;6 stems. This study found a dual role of BRs in procambial cell division and xylem differentiation and provides insights into the multiple layers of gene regulation that contribute to wood formation in Populus.
PMID: 35031795
Antioxidants (Basel) , IF:6.312 , 2022 Jan , V11 (1) doi: 10.3390/antiox11010115
Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Gene SlCYP90B3 Alleviates Chilling Injury of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Fruits during Cold Storage.
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310024, China.; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Tomato is susceptible to chilling injury during cold storage. In this study, we found that low temperature promoted the expression of brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic genes in tomato fruits. The overexpression of SlCYP90B3 (SlCYP90B3-OE), a key BR biosynthetic gene, alleviated the chilling injury with decreased electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde. In SlCYP90B3-OE tomato fruits, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were markedly increased, while the activity of membranous lipolytic enzymes, lipoxygenase (LOX), and phospholipase D (PLD), were significantly decreased when compared with the wild-type in response to cold storage. Furthermore, the expression level of the cold-response-system component, SlCBF1, was higher in SlCYP90B3-OE fruits than in the wild-type fruits. These results indicated that SlCYP90B3 might be involved in the chilling tolerance of tomato fruits during cold storage, possibly by regulating the antioxidant enzyme system and SlCBF1 expression.
PMID: 35052619
Front Plant Sci , IF:5.753 , 2021 , V12 : P706633 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.706633
The Phloem Intercalated With Xylem-Correlated 3 Receptor-Like Kinase Constitutively Interacts With Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1-Associated Receptor Kinase 1 and Is Involved in Vascular Development in Arabidopsis.
Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium.; Screening Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.; Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) play fundamental roles in cell-to-cell and plant-environment communication. LRR-RLKs can function as receptors perceiving endogenous or external ligands, or as coreceptors, which stabilize the complex, and enhance transduction of the intracellular signal. The LRR-RLK BAK1 is a coreceptor for different developmental and immunity pathways. In this article, we identified PXY-CORRELATED 3 (PXC3) as a BAK1-interacting LRR-RLK, which was previously reported to be transcribed in vascular tissues co-expressed with PHLOEM INTERCALATED WITH XYLEM (PXY), the receptor of the TDIF/CLE41 peptide. Characterization of pxc3 loss-of-function mutants revealed reduced hypocotyl stele width and vascular cells compared to wild type, indicating that PXC3 plays a role in the vascular development in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, our data suggest that PXC3 might function as a positive regulator of the CLE41/TDIF-TDR/PXY signaling pathway.
PMID: 35087541
Front Plant Sci , IF:5.753 , 2021 , V12 : P790655 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.790655
Genome-Wide Prediction, Functional Divergence, and Characterization of Stress-Responsive BZR Transcription Factors in B. napus.
School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT (BZR) are transcriptional factors that bind to the DNA of targeted genes to regulate several plant growth and physiological processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, information on such genes in Brassica napus is minimal. Furthermore, the new reference Brassica napus genome offers an excellent opportunity to systematically characterize this gene family in B. napus. In our study, 21 BnaBZR genes were distributed across 19 chromosomes of B. napus and clustered into four subgroups based on Arabidopsis thaliana orthologs. Functional divergence analysis among these groups evident the shifting of evolutionary rate after the duplication events. In terms of structural analysis, the BnaBZR genes within each subgroup are highly conserved but are distinctive within groups. Organ-specific expression analyses of BnaBZR genes using RNA-seq data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed complex expression patterns in plant tissues during stress conditions. In which genes belonging to subgroups III and IV were identified to play central roles in plant tolerance to salt, drought, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum stress. The insights from this study enrich our understanding of the B. napus BZR gene family and lay a foundation for future research in improving rape seed environmental adaptability.
PMID: 35058951
Genomics , IF:5.736 , 2022 Jan , V114 (2) : P110271 doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110271
Transcriptome profiling reveals major structural genes, transcription factors and biosynthetic pathways involved in leaf senescence and nitrogen remobilization in rainfed spring wheat under different nitrogen fertilization rates.
State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute (PGRRI), P. O. Box 7, Bunso, Ghana.; State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Electronic address: lill@gsau.edu.cn.; State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China; College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.; Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana.
The present study was undertaken to profile transcriptional changes in flag leaves between anthesis and end of grain filling stages of rainfed spring wheat cultivar under varying nitrogen (N) application rates: 0 kg/ha (NN), 52.5 kg/ha (LN), and 210 kg/ha (HN). A total of 4485 and 4627 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in LN and HN, respectively. The differential application of N altered several pathways; including plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway-plant, photosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and ATP-binding cassette transporters. Jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and brassinosteroid related genes promoted leaf senescence in NN or LN, whereas auxin, gibberellin acid and cytokinins genes inhibited leaf senescence in HN. Major transcription factors: auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (AUX/IAA), no apical meristem (NAC) and WRKY expressed higher in either HN or LN than NN. The DEGs, pathways and transcription factors provide valuable insight for manipulation of leaf senescence and N remobilization in wheat.
PMID: 35065192
Theor Appl Genet , IF:5.699 , 2022 Jan doi: 10.1007/s00122-021-04011-w
RIP2 interacts with REL1 to control leaf architecture by modulating brassinosteroid signaling in rice.
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.; College of Agriculture & Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510550, China.; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. wywang@scau.edu.cn.; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. zmzhang@scau.edu.cn.
KEY MESSAGE: RIP2 serves as a negative regulator of leaf inclination through the coordination of BR signaling in rice. Leaf angle is considered as an important morphological trait in rice. Appropriate leaf angle increases the efficiency of sunlight capture and maintains a high level of photosynthesis, ultimately improving crop yield. Our present study demonstrates that RIP2 encodes a RING finger E3 ligase protein that directly binds to ROLLED AND ERECT LEAF 1 (REL1), a key regulator of leaf morphogenesis. Further studies reveal that RIP2 is extensively involved in leaf inclination through the coordination of BR signaling. Repression of RIP2 led to altered phenotypes, including enlarged leaf inclination and fewer tillers. Conversely, rice overexpressing RIP2 exhibited erect leaves. The double mutant rel1 rip2 displayed phenotypes similar to those of rel1, characterized by rolled leaves. Transcriptome profiling of WT, rel1, rip2, and rel1 rip2 mutants revealed that BR and IAA signaling pathways were impaired in rip2. Moreover, rel1, rip2, and rel1 rip2 were insensitive to BR treatment. In summary, these findings demonstrate that RIP2 serves as a negative regulator of leaf inclination, and therefore, provides an approach for the optimization of an ideal plant type.
PMID: 35083510
Theor Appl Genet , IF:5.699 , 2022 Jan doi: 10.1007/s00122-021-04021-8
Genome-wide superior alleles, haplotypes and candidate genes associated with tolerance on sodic-dispersive soils in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Ct, South Perth, WA, 6151, Australia. Darshan.Sharma@dpird.wa.gov.au.; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia. Darshan.Sharma@dpird.wa.gov.au.; Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Ct, South Perth, WA, 6151, Australia. Roopali.bhoite@gmail.com.; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia. Roopali.bhoite@gmail.com.; Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Ct, South Perth, WA, 6151, Australia.; Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, AgriBioVIC, Australia.
KEY MESSAGE: The pleiotropic SNPs/haplotypes, overlapping genes (metal ion binding, photosynthesis), and homozygous/biallelic SNPs and transcription factors (HTH myb-type and BHLH) hold great potential for improving wheat yield potential on sodic-dispersive soils. Sodic-dispersive soils have multiple subsoil constraints including poor soil structure, alkaline pH and subsoil toxic elemental ion concentration, affecting growth and development in wheat. Tolerance is required at all developmental stages to enhance wheat yield potential on such soils. An in-depth investigation of genome-wide associations was conducted using a field phenotypic data of 206 diverse Focused Identification of Germplasm Strategy (FIGS) wheat lines for two consecutive years from different sodic and non-sodic plots and the exome targeted genotyping by sequencing (tGBS) assay. A total of 39 quantitative trait SNPs (QTSs), including 18 haplotypes were identified on chromosome 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, 5A, 5D, 6B, 7A, 7B, 7D for yield and yield-components tolerance. Among these, three QTSs had common associations for multiple traits, indicating pleiotropism and four QTSs had close associations for multiple traits, within 32.38 Mb. The overlapping metal ion binding (Mn, Ca, Zn and Al) and photosynthesis genes and transcription factors (PHD-, Dof-, HTH myb-, BHLH-, PDZ_6-domain) identified are known to be highly regulated during germination, maximum stem elongation, anthesis, and grain development stages. The homozygous/biallelic SNPs having allele frequency above 30% were identified for yield and crop establishment/plants m(-2). These SNPs correspond to HTH myb-type and BHLH transcription factors, brassinosteroid signalling pathway, kinase activity, ATP and chitin binding activity. These resources are valuable in haplotype-based breeding and genome editing to improve yield potential on sodic-dispersive soils.
PMID: 34985536
BMC Genomics , IF:3.969 , 2022 Jan , V23 (1) : P8 doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-08197-7
Gene regulation network analyses of pistil development in papaya.
Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, 350002, Fuzhou, China.; The Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.; Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.; Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA. rayming@illinois.edu.
BACKGROUND: The pistil is an essential part of flowers that functions in the differentiation of the sexes and reproduction in plants. The stigma on the pistil can accept pollen to allow fertilization and seed development. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a dioecious plant, where female flowers exhibit normal pistil, while the male flowers exhibit aborted pistil at a late stage of pistil development. RESULTS: The developmental stages of papaya pistil were analyzed after first dividing it into slices representing the primordium stage 1 (S1), the pre-meiotic stages S2, post-meiotic stage S3, and the mitotic stage S4. The SS scoring algorithm analysis of genes preferentially expressed at different stages revealed differentially expressed genes between male and female flowers. A transcription factor regulatory network for each stage based on the genes that are differentially expressed between male and female flowers was constructed. Some transcription factors related to pistil development were revealed based on the analysis of regulatory networks such as CpAGL11, CpHEC2, and CpSUPL. Based on the specific expression of genes, constructed a gene regulatory subnetwork with CpAGL11-CpSUPL-CpHEC2 functioning as the core. Analysis of the functionally enriched terms in this network reveals several differentially expressed genes related to auxin/ brassinosteroid signal transduction in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. At the same time, significant differences in the expression of auxin and brassinosteroid synthesis-related genes between male and female flowers at different developmental stages were detected. CONCLUSIONS: The pistil abortion of papaya might be caused by the lack of expression or decreased expression of some transcription factors and hormone-related genes, affecting hormone signal transduction or hormone biosynthesis. Analysis of aborted and normally developing pistil in papaya provided new insights into the molecular mechanism of pistil development and sex differentiation in dioecious papaya.
PMID: 34983382
Gene , IF:3.688 , 2022 Jan : P146214 doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146214
Whole genome re-sequencing and transcriptome reveal an alteration in hormone signal transduction in a more-branching mutant of apple.
Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: ghj042@126.com.; College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China. Electronic address: gf342256121@126.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: qdsnky@163.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: 774572825@qq.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: huangyuehy@126.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: 1196328026@qq.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: zhangruifen316@qq.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: songerg9@126.com.; Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, PR China. Electronic address: guanglisha@126.com.
Branch number is an important trait in grafted apple breeding and cultivation. To provide new information on molecular mechanisms of apple branching, whole reduced-representation genomes and transcriptome of a wild-type (WT) apple (Malus spectabilis) and its more-branching (MB) mutant at the branching stage were examined in this study. Comparison of WT and MB genomes against the Malus domestica reference genome identified 14,908,939 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 173,315 insertions and deletions (InDels) in WT and 1,483,221 SNPs and 1,725,977 InDels in MB. Analysis of the genetic variation between MB and WT revealed 1,048,575 SNPs and 37,327 InDels. Among them, 24,303 SNPs and 891 InDels mapped to coding regions of 5,072 and 596 genes, respectively. GO and KEGG functional annotation of 3,846 and 944 genes, respectively, identified 32 variant genes related to plant hormone signal transduction that were involved in auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene, and brassinosteroid pathways. The transcriptome pathways of plant hormone signal transduction and zeatin biosynthesis were also significantly enriched during MB branching. Furthermore, transcriptome data suggested the regulatory roles of auxin signaling, increase of cytokinin and genes of cytokinin synthesis and signaling, and the suppressed abscisic acid signaling. Our findings suggest that branching development in apple is regulated by plant hormone signal transduction.
PMID: 35066064