Mol Plant , IF:12.084 , 2020 Apr , V13 (4) : P544-564 doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.02.004
Molecular Regulation of Plant Responses to Environmental Temperatures.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.; State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. Electronic address: yangshuhua@cau.edu.cn.
Temperature is a key factor governing the growth and development, distribution, and seasonal behavior of plants. The entire plant life cycle is affected by environmental temperatures. Plants grow rapidly and exhibit specific changes in morphology under mild average temperature conditions, a response termed thermomorphogenesis. When exposed to chilling or moist chilling low temperatures, flowering or seed germination is accelerated in some plant species; these processes are known as vernalization and cold stratification, respectively. Interestingly, once many temperate plants are exposed to chilling temperatures for some time, they can acquire the ability to resist freezing stress, a process termed cold acclimation. In the face of global climate change, heat stress has emerged as a frequent challenge, which adversely affects plant growth and development. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent progress in dissecting the molecular mechanisms regulating plant thermomorphogenesis, vernalization, and responses to extreme temperatures. We also discuss the remaining issues that are crucial for understanding the interactions between plants and temperature.
PMID: 32068158
Plant Cell , IF:9.618 , 2020 Apr , V32 (4) : P1018-1034 doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00784
GROWTH-REGULATING FACTORS Interact with DELLAs and Regulate Growth in Cold Stress.
Plant Systems Biology, Technische Universitat Munchen, 85354 Freising, Germany.; Plant Systems Biology, Technische Universitat Munchen, 85354 Freising, Germany claus.schwechheimer@wzw.tum.de.
DELLA proteins are repressors of the gibberellin (GA) hormone signaling pathway that act mainly by regulating transcription factor activities in plants. GAs induce DELLA repressor protein degradation and thereby control a number of critical developmental processes as well as responses to stresses such as cold. The strong effect of cold temperatures on many physiological processes has rendered it difficult to assess, based on phenotypic criteria, the role of GA and DELLAs in plant growth during cold stress. Here, we uncover substantial differences in the GA transcriptomes between plants grown at ambient temperature (21 degrees C) and plants exposed to cold stress (4 degrees C) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We further identify over 250, to the largest extent previously unknown, DELLA-transcription factor interactions using the yeast two-hybrid system. By integrating both data sets, we reveal that most members of the nine-member GRF (GROWTH REGULATORY FACTOR) transcription factor family are DELLA interactors and, at the same time, that several GRF genes are targets of DELLA-modulated transcription after exposure to cold stress. We find that plants with altered GRF dosage are differentially sensitive to the manipulation of GA and hence DELLA levels, also after cold stress, and identify a subset of cold stress-responsive genes that qualify as targets of this DELLA-GRF regulatory module.
PMID: 32060178
Plant Cell , IF:9.618 , 2020 Apr , V32 (4) : P1035-1048 doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00532
DREB1A/CBF3 Is Repressed by Transgene-Induced DNA Methylation in the Arabidopsis ice1 -1 Mutant.
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.; Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 478-8501, Japan.; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan akys@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
DREB1/CBFs are key transcription factors involved in plant cold stress adaptation. The expression of DREB1/CBFs triggers a cold-responsive transcriptional cascade, after which many stress tolerance genes are expressed. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms of cold stress-inducible DREB1/CBF expression is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of plant cold stress responses and tolerance. We analyzed the roles of a transcription factor, INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION1 (ICE1), that is well known as an important transcriptional activator in the cold-inducible expression of DREB1A/CBF3 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). ice1-1 is a widely accepted mutant allele known to abolish cold-inducible DREB1A expression, and this evidence has strongly supported ICE1-DREB1A regulation for many years. However, in ice1-1 outcross descendants, we unexpectedly discovered that ice1-1 DREB1A repression was genetically independent of the ice1-1 allele ICE1(R236H). Moreover, neither ICE1 overexpression nor double loss-of-function mutation of ICE1 and its homolog SCRM2 altered DREB1A expression. Instead, a transgene locus harboring a reporter gene in the ice1-1 genome was responsible for altering DREB1A expression. The DREB1A promoter was hypermethylated due to the transgene. We showed that DREB1A repression in ice1-1 results from transgene-induced silencing and not genetic regulation by ICE1. The ICE1(R236H) mutation has also been reported as scrm-D, which confers constitutive stomatal differentiation. The scrm-D phenotype and the expression of a stomatal differentiation marker gene were confirmed to be linked to the ICE1(R236H) mutation. We propose that the current ICE1-DREB1 regulatory model should be revalidated without the previous assumptions.
PMID: 32034036
New Phytol , IF:8.512 , 2020 Apr , V226 (2) : P362-372 doi: 10.1111/nph.16364
Sesquiterpene glucosylation mediated by glucosyltransferase UGT91Q2 is involved in the modulation of cold stress tolerance in tea plants.
State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.; Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universitat Munchen, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, Freising, 85354, Germany.
Plants produce and emit terpenes, including sesquiterpenes, during growth and development, which serve different functions in plants. The sesquiterpene nerolidol has health-promoting properties and adds a floral scent to plants. However, the glycosylation mechanism of nerolidol and its biological roles in plants remained unknown. Sesquiterpene UDP-glucosyltransferases were selected by using metabolites-genes correlation analysis, and its roles in response to cold stress were studied. We discovered the first plant UGT (UGT91Q2) in tea plant, whose expression is strongly induced by cold stress and which specifically catalyzes the glucosylation of nerolidol. The accumulation of nerolidol glucoside was consistent with the expression level of UGT91Q2 in response to cold stress, as well as in different tea cultivars. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of nerolidol glucoside was significantly higher than that of free nerolidol. Down-regulation of UGT91Q2 resulted in reduced accumulation of nerolidol glucoside, ROS scavenging capacity and tea plant cold tolerance. Tea plants absorbed airborne nerolidol and converted it to its glucoside, subsequently enhancing tea plant cold stress tolerance. Nerolidol plays a role in response to cold stress as well as in triggering plant-plant communication in response to cold stress. Our findings reveal previously unidentified roles of volatiles in response to abiotic stress in plants.
PMID: 31828806
Plant Biotechnol J , IF:8.154 , 2020 Apr , V18 (4) : P1041-1055 doi: 10.1111/pbi.13272
Crosstalk of PIF4 and DELLA modulates CBF transcript and hormone homeostasis in cold response in tomato.
Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.; Key Laboratory of Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, China.; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou, China.
The ability to interpret daily and seasonal fluctuations, latitudinal and vegetation canopy variations in light and temperature signals is essential for plant survival. However, the precise molecular mechanisms transducing the signals from light and temperature perception to maintain plant growth and adaptation remain elusive. We show that far-red light induces PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING TRANSCRIPTION 4 (SlPIF4) accumulation under low-temperature conditions via phytochrome A in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). Reverse genetic approaches revealed that knocking out SlPIF4 increases cold susceptibility, while overexpressing SlPIF4 enhances cold tolerance in tomato plants. SlPIF4 not only directly binds to the promoters of the C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (SlCBF) genes and activates their expression but also regulates plant hormone biosynthesis and signals, including abscisic acid, jasmonate and gibberellin (GA), in response to low temperature. Moreover, SlPIF4 directly activates the SlDELLA gene (GA-INSENSITIVE 4, SlGAI4) under cold stress, and SlGAI4 positively regulates cold tolerance. Additionally, SlGAI4 represses accumulation of the SlPIF4 protein, thus forming multiple coherent feed-forward loops. Our results reveal that plants integrate light and temperature signals to better adapt to cold stress through shared hormone pathways and transcriptional regulators, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of plant growth and survival in a changing environment.
PMID: 31584235
Plant Cell Environ , IF:6.362 , 2020 Apr , V43 (4) : P992-1007 doi: 10.1111/pce.13717
A point mutation in LTT1 enhances cold tolerance at the booting stage in rice.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; Genome Biology Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
The cold tolerance of rice at the booting stage is a main factor determining sustainability and regional adaptability. However, relatively few cold tolerance genes have been identified that can be effectively used in breeding programmes. Here, we show that a point mutation in the low-temperature tolerance 1 (LTT1) gene improves cold tolerance by maintaining tapetum degradation and pollen development, by activation of systems that metabolize reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cold-induced ROS accumulation is therefore prevented in the anthers of the ltt1 mutants allowing correct development. In contrast, exposure to cold stress dramatically increases ROS accumulation in the wild type anthers, together with the expression of genes encoding proteins associated with programmed cell death and with the accelerated degradation of the tapetum that ultimately leads to pollen abortion. These results demonstrate that appropriate ROS management is critical for the cold tolerance of rice at the booting stage. Hence, the ltt1 mutation can significantly improve the seed setting ability of cold-sensitive rice varieties under low-temperature stress conditions, with little yield penalty under optimal temperature conditions. This study highlights the importance of a valuable genetic resource that may be applied in rice breeding programmes to enhance cold tolerance.
PMID: 31922260
Food Chem , IF:6.306 , 2020 Apr , V310 : P125862 doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125862
Alteration of flesh color and enhancement of bioactive substances via the stimulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in 'Friar' plum fruit by low temperature and the removal.
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghuadonglu Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghuadonglu Road, Beijing 100083, PR China. Electronic address: cjk@cau.edu.cn.
'Friar' plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) fruit were transferred to shelf life (25 degrees C) following different storage periods at low (0 degrees C) or intermediate (5 degrees C) temperature. The earliest flesh reddening appeared in plums during shelf life removed after 28d at 0 degrees C and 14d at 5 degrees C, respectively, in comparison with turning yellow in plums remained at 25 degrees C immediately after harvest. The flesh reddening developed rapidly thereafter. Anthocyanins, in particular, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, significantly accumulated in the reddening tissue, and activities of enzymes associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway were considerably activated after the removal. The removal elicited extremely high ethylene production in plums, which might mediate the activation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis in response to cold stress signal. The results provided a potential approach for postharvest regulation of flesh color and accumulation of bioactive substances in plums, which could lead to attractive attributes and health-promoting effects on consumers.
PMID: 31767480
J Integr Plant Biol , IF:4.885 , 2020 Apr doi: 10.1111/jipb.12937
Induction of priming by cold stress via inducible volatile cues in neighboring tea plants.
State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.; National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China.; Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universitat Munchen, 85354, Freising, Germany.
Plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to overcome their sessile nature. However, if and how volatiles from cold-stressed plants can trigger interplant communication is still unknown. Here, we provide the first evidence for interplant communication via inducible volatiles in cold stress. The volatiles, including nerolidol, geraniol, linalool, and methyl salicylate, emitted from cold-stressed tea plants play key role(s) in priming cold tolerance of their neighbors via a C-repeat-binding factors-dependent pathway. The knowledge will help us to understand how plants respond to volatile cues in cold stress and agricultural ecosystems.
PMID: 32275096
Physiol Plant , IF:4.148 , 2020 Apr doi: 10.1111/ppl.13111
Low temperature and high light dependent dynamic photoprotective strategies in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.; Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str. N, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
Arabidopsis thaliana has been recognized as a chilling tolerant species based on analysis of resistance to low temperature stress, however, the mechanisms involved in this tolerance are not yet clarified. The low temperature-induced effects are exacerbated when plants are exposed to low temperatures in the presence of high light irradiance but the experimental data on the impact of light intensity during cold stress and its influence during recovery from stress are rather limited. The main objective of this study was to re-examine the photosynthetic responses of A. thaliana plants to short term (6 days) low temperature stress (12/10 degrees C) under optimal (150 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) and high light (500 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) intensity and the subsequent recovery from the stress. Simultaneous measurements of the in vivo and in vitro functional performance of both photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), as well as, net photosynthesis, low temperature (77 K) chlorophyll fluorescence and immunoblot analysis of the relative abundance of PSII and PSI reaction center proteins were used to evaluate the role of light in the development of possible protective mechanisms during low temperature stress and the consequent recovery from exposure to low temperature and different light intensities. The results presented clearly suggest that Arabidopsis plants can employ a number of highly dynamic photoprotective strategies depending on the light intensity. These strategies include one based on LHCII quenching and two other quenching mechanisms localized within the PSII and PSI reaction centers, which are all expressed to different extent depending on the severity of the photoinhibitory treatments under low temperature stress conditions.
PMID: 32315446
Physiol Plant , IF:4.148 , 2020 Apr , V168 (4) : P803-818 doi: 10.1111/ppl.13019
Season specificity in the cold-induced calcium signal and the volatile chemicals in the atmosphere.
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.; Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-0611, Japan.; Department of Plant Bioscience, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
Cold-induced Ca(2+) signals in plants are widely accepted to be involved in cold acclimation. Surprisingly, despite using Arabidopsis plants grown in a growth chamber, we observed a clear seasonal change in cold-induced Ca(2+) signals only in roots. Ca(2+) signals were captured using Arabidopsis expressing Yellow Cameleon 3.60. In winter, two Ca(2+) signal peaks were observed during a cooling treatment from 20 to 0 degrees C, but in summer only one small peak was observed under the same cooling condition. In the spring and autumn seasons, an intermediate type of Ca(2+) signal, which had a delayed first peak and smaller second peaks compared with the those of the winter type, was observed. Volatile chemicals and/or particles in the air from the outside may affect plants in the growth chamber. This idea is supported by the fact that incubation of plants with activated carbon changed the intermediate-type Ca(2+) signal to the summer-type. The seasonality was also observed in the freezing tolerance of plants cold-acclimated in a low-temperature chamber. The solar radiation intensity was weakly correlated, not only with the seasonal characteristics of the Ca(2+) signal but also with freezing tolerance. It has been reported that the ethylene concentration in the atmosphere seasonally changes depending on the solar radiation intensity. Ethylene gas and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid treatment affected the Ca(2+) signals, the shape of which became a shape close to, but not the same as, the winter type from the other types, indicating that ethylene may be one of several factors influencing the cold-induced Ca(2+) signal.
PMID: 31390065
Plant Cell Physiol , IF:4.062 , 2020 Apr , V61 (4) : P775-786 doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa004
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Grapevine LEA Gene Family in Response to Osmotic and Cold Stress Reveals a Key Role for VamDHN3.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.; State Key Laboratory of the Seedling Bioengineering, Yinchuan 750004, China.; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins comprise a large family that plays important roles in the regulation of abiotic stress, however, no in-depth analysis of LEA genes has been performed in grapevine to date. In this study, we analyzed a total of 52 putative LEA genes in grapevine at the genomic and transcriptomic level, compiled expression profiles of four selected (V. amurensis) VamLEA genes under cold and osmotic stresses, and studied the potential function of the V. amurensis DEHYDRIN3 (VamDHN3) gene in grapevine callus. The 52 LEA proteins were classified into seven phylogenetic groups. RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR results demonstrated that a total of 16 and 23 VamLEA genes were upregulated under cold and osmotic stresses, respectively. In addition, overexpression of VamDHN3 enhanced the stability of the cell membrane in grapevine callus, suggesting that VamDHN3 is involved in osmotic regulation. These results provide fundamental knowledge for the further analysis of the biological roles of grapevine LEA genes in adaption to abiotic stress.
PMID: 31967299
Plant Cell Physiol , IF:4.062 , 2020 Apr , V61 (4) : P787-802 doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa005
Plasma Membrane Aquaporin Members PIPs Act in Concert to Regulate Cold Acclimation and Freezing Tolerance Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, 020-8550 Japan.; Department of Plant Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, 020-8550 Japan.; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501 Japan.; Agri-Innovation Center, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, 020-8550 Japan.
Aquaporins play a major role in plant water uptake at both optimal and environmentally stressed conditions. However, the functional specificity of aquaporins under cold remains obscure. To get a better insight to the role of aquaporins in cold acclimation and freezing tolerance, we took an integrated approach of physiology, transcript profiling and cell biology in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cold acclimation resulted in specific upregulation of PIP1;4 and PIP2;5 aquaporin (plasma membrane intrinsic proteins) expression, and immunoblotting analysis confirmed the increase in amount of PIP2;5 protein and total amount of PIPs during cold acclimation, suggesting that PIP2;5 plays a major role in tackling the cold milieu. Although single mutants of pip1;4 and pip2;5 or their double mutant showed no phenotypic changes in freezing tolerance, they were more sensitive in root elongation and cell survival response under freezing stress conditions compared with the wild type. Consistently, a single mutation in either PIP1;4 or PIP2;5 altered the expression of a number of aquaporins both at the transcriptional and translational levels. Collectively, our results suggest that aquaporin members including PIP1;4 and PIP2;5 function in concert to regulate cold acclimation and freezing tolerance responses.
PMID: 31999343
Rice (N Y) , IF:3.912 , 2020 Apr , V13 (1) : P23 doi: 10.1186/s12284-020-00383-7
ATP Hydrolysis Determines Cold Tolerance by Regulating Available Energy for Glutathione Synthesis in Rice Seedling Plants.
National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.; National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China. taolongxing@caas.cn.; National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China. fugf1981@sina.com.
BACKGROUND: Glutathione (GSH) is important for plants to resist abiotic stress, and a large amount of energy is required in the process. However, it is not clear how the energy status affects the accumulation of GSH in plants under cold stress. RESULTS: Two rice pure lines, Zhongzao39 (ZZ39) and its recombinant inbred line 82 (RIL82) were subjected to cold stress for 48 h. Under cold stress, RIL82 suffered more damages than ZZ39 plants, in which higher increases in APX activity and GSH content were showed in the latter than the former compared with their respective controls. This indicated that GSH was mainly responsible for the different cold tolerance between these two rice plants. Interestingly, under cold stress, greater increases in contents of carbohydrate, NAD(H), NADP(H) and ATP as well as the expression levels of GSH1 and GSH2 were showed in RIL82 than ZZ39 plants. In contrast, ATPase content in RIL82 plants was adversely inhibited by cold stress while it increased significantly in ZZ39 plants. This indicated that cold stress reduced the accumulation of GSH in RIL82 plants mainly due to the inhibition on ATP hydrolysis rather than energy deficit. CONCLUSION: We inferred that the energy status determined by ATP hydrolysis involved in regulating the cold tolerance of plants by controlling GSH synthesis.
PMID: 32274603
Plant Cell Rep , IF:3.825 , 2020 Apr , V39 (4) : P553-565 doi: 10.1007/s00299-020-02512-4
ABA-dependent bZIP transcription factor, CsbZIP18, from Camellia sinensis negatively regulates freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis.
National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China.; Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture, Fujian A&F University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.; National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China. yiyang@tricaas.com.; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China. yiyang@tricaas.com.; National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China. wanglu317@tricaas.com.; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310008, China. wanglu317@tricaas.com.
KEY MESSAGE: Overexpression of the tea plant gene CsbZIP18 in Arabidopsis impaired freezing tolerance, and CsbZIP18 is a negative regulator of ABA signaling and cold stress. Basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway and abiotic stress response in plants. However, few bZIP transcription factors have been functionally characterized in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). In this study, a bZIP transcription factor, CsbZIP18, was found to be strongly induced by natural cold acclimation, and the expression level of CsbZIP18 was lower in cold-resistant cultivars than in cold-susceptible cultivars. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, Arabidopsis plants constitutively overexpressing CsbZIP18 exhibited decreased sensitivity to ABA, increased levels of relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and reduced values of maximal quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) under freezing conditions. The expression of ABA homeostasis- and signal transduction-related genes and abiotic stress-inducible genes, such as RD22, RD26 and RAB18, was suppressed in overexpression lines under freezing conditions. However, there was no significant change in the expression of genes involved in the C-repeat binding factor (CBF)-mediated ABA-independent pathway between WT and CsbZIP18 overexpression plants. These results indicate that CsbZIP18 is a negative regulator of freezing tolerance via an ABA-dependent pathway.
PMID: 32060604
Plant Physiol Biochem , IF:3.72 , 2020 Apr , V152 : P81-89 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.012
Cyclophilin AtROC1(S58F) confers Arabidopsis cold tolerance by modulating jasmonic acid signaling and antioxidant metabolism.
College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: yinyinwinn@163.com.; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: 1606582432@qq.com.; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: shangang.jia@cau.edu.cn.; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: maops@cau.edu.cn.; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China. Electronic address: ma018@cau.edu.cn.
Cyclophilins (CYPs), a class of proteins with a conserved peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase domain, are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as in the response to abiotic stresses including cold. In our previous study, we identified an Arabidopsis gain-of-function mutant ROC1(S58F) with enhanced cold-tolerance and enhanced expression of jasmonic acid (JA) and oxidative stress responsive genes. Here, we show the underlying molecular mechanisms for the improved cold tolerance observed in the ROC1(S58F) mutant. Compared to the WT, the ROC1(S58F) mutant showed an increased survival rates and a reduced level of electrolyte leakage and endogenous JA content under the freezing treatment. Correspondingly, the JA biosynthesis genes (AtAOC1 and AtOPR3) and signaling genes (AtJAZ5, AtJAZ10 and AtMYB15) are down-regulated in the ROC1(S58F) mutant compared with the WT. Moreover, both the transcripts and activities of the ROS-scavenging enzymes (SOD/POD/MDHAR) increased in cold-stressed ROC1(S58F) mutant, which might mitigate the ROS-induced oxidative stress and contribute to the mutant freezing tolerance. Taken together, our findings indicate that AtROC1(S58F) confers Arabidopsis freezing tolerance by modulating JA signaling and antioxidant metabolism jointly. This research thus provides a molecular mechanism for AtROC1(S58F)-conferred freezing resistance in Arabidopsis and offers guidance for crop breeding towards an improved cold tolerance.
PMID: 32388423
Plant Physiol Biochem , IF:3.72 , 2020 Apr , V149 : P132-143 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.005
ScPNP-A, a plant natriuretic peptide from Stellera chamaejasme, confers multiple stress tolerances in Arabidopsis.
Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: liuxin_bio@sina.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: guanhuirui@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: wtsppl@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: nnn5368415@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: yangyoufengge@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China; Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 125, Xianning Middle Road, Xi'an, 710043, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: 15929947101@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China; College of Healthy Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, 726000, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: fanan0926@163.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: guobin@nwu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: fuyanping@nwu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: hewei.scu@gmail.com.; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education & College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229, North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: weiyahui@nwu.edu.cn.
As a class of peptide hormone, plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs) play an important role in maintaining water and salt balance in plants, as well as in the physiological processes of biotic stress and pathogen resistance. However, in plants, except for some PNPs, such as the Arabidopsis thaliana PNP-A (AtPNP-A), of which the function has not yet been thoroughly revealed, few PNPs in other plants have been reported. In this study, a PNP-A (ScPNP-A) has been identified and characterized in Stellera chamaejasme for the first time. ScPNP-A is a double-psi beta-barrel (DPBB) fold containing protein and is localized in the extracellular (secreted) space. In S. chamaejasme, the expression of ScPNP-A was significantly up-regulated by salt, drought and cold stress. Changes at the physiological and biochemical levels and the expression of resistance-related genes indicated that overexpression of ScPNP-A can significantly improve salt, drought and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. ScPNP-A could stimulate the opening, not the closing of stomata, and its expression was not enhanced by external application of ABA. Furthermore, overexpression of ScPNP-A resulted in the elevated expression of genes in the ABA biosynthesis and reception pathway. These suggested that there may be some cross-talk between ScPNP-A and the ABA-dependent signaling pathways to regulate water related stress, however further experimentation is required to understand this relationship. In addition, overexpression of ScPNP-A can enhance the resistance to pathogens by enhancing SAR in Arabidopsis. These results indicate that ScPNP-A could function as a positive regulator in plant response to biotic stress and abiotic stress.
PMID: 32062590
Plant Physiol Biochem , IF:3.72 , 2020 Apr , V149 : P50-60 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.035
Foliar application of nanoparticles mitigates the chilling effect on photosynthesis and photoprotection in sugarcane.
State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio-resources and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China; Department of Agricultural Botany, Tanta University, Tanta, 72513, Egypt.; State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio-resources and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio-resources and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, PR China. Electronic address: kunfangcao@gxu.edu.cn.
Chilling is one of the main abiotic stresses that adversely affect the productivity of sugarcane, in marginal tropical regions where chilling incidence occurs with seasonal changes. However, nanoparticles (NPs) have been tested as a mitigation strategy against diverse abiotic stresses. In this study, NPs such as silicon dioxide (nSiO2; 5-15 nm), zinc oxide (nZnO; <100 nm), selenium (nSe; 100 mesh), graphene (graphene nanoribbons [GNRs] alkyl functionalized; 2-15 mum x 40-250 nm) were applied as foliar sprays on sugarcane leaves to understand the amelioration effect of NPs against negative impact of chilling stress on photosynthesis and photoprotection. To this end, seedlings of moderately chilling tolerant sugarcane variety Guitang 49 was used for current study and spilt plot was used as statistical design. The changes in the level chilling tolerance after the application of NPs on Guitang 49 were compared with tolerance level of chilling tolerant variety Guitang 28. NPs treatments reduced the adverse effects of chilling by maintaining the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), maximum photo-oxidizable PSI (Pm), and photosynthetic gas exchange. Furthermore, application of NPs increased the content of light harvesting pigments (chlorophylls and cartinoids) in NPs treated seedlings. Higher carotenoid accumulation in leaves of NPs treated seedlings enhanced the nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of PSII. Among the NPs, nSiO2 showed higher amelioration effects and it can be used alone or in combination with other NPs to mitigate chilling stress in sugarcane.
PMID: 32035252
Tree Physiol , IF:3.655 , 2020 Apr , V40 (4) : P538-556 doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpz133
Transcriptome profiling reveals the crucial biological pathways involved in cold response in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).
Basic Forestry and Proteomics Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.; Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.; College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250000, China.; Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Most bamboo species including Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) are tropical or subtropical plants that greatly contribute to human well-being. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors restricting bamboo growth and geographic distribution. Our knowledge of the molecular changes during bamboo adaption to cold stress remains limited. Here, we provided a general overview of the cold-responsive transcriptional profiles in Moso bamboo by systematically analyzing its transcriptomic response under cold stress. Our results showed that low temperature induced strong morphological and biochemical alternations in Moso bamboo. To examine the global gene expression changes in response to cold, 12 libraries (non-treated, cold-treated 0.5, 1 and 24 h at -2 degrees C) were sequenced using an Illumina sequencing platform. Only a few differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at early stage, while a large number of DEGs were identified at late stage in this study, suggesting that the majority of cold response genes in bamboo are late-responsive genes. A total of 222 transcription factors from 24 different families were differentially expressed during 24-h cold treatment, and the expressions of several well-known C-repeat/dehydration responsive element-binding factor negative regulators were significantly upregulated in response to cold, indicating the existence of special cold response networks. Our data also revealed that the expression of genes related to cell wall and the biosynthesis of fatty acids were altered in response to cold stress, indicating their potential roles in the acquisition of bamboo cold tolerance. In summary, our studies showed that both plant kingdom-conserved and species-specific cold response pathways exist in Moso bamboo, which lays the foundation for studying the regulatory mechanisms underlying bamboo cold stress response and provides useful gene resources for the construction of cold-tolerant bamboo through genetic engineering in the future.
PMID: 31860727
Plant Sci , IF:3.591 , 2020 Apr , V293 : P110437 doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110437
Exogenous abscisic acid enhances physiological, metabolic, and transcriptional cold acclimation responses in greenhouse-grown grapevines.
Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC/The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.; Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC/The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Metabolite Analysis Cluster, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.; Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC/The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. Electronic address: dami.1@osu.edu.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the freezing tolerance (FT) of grapevine was enhanced by foliar application of exogenous abscisic acid (exo-ABA), a treatment which might be incorporated into cultural practices to mitigate cold damage in vineyards. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of this response, a two-year (2017 and 2018) study was conducted to characterize the effects of exo-ABA on greenhouse-grown 'Cabernet franc' grapevine. In control grapevines, both physiological (deeper dormancy) and biochemical (sugar accumulation in buds) changes occurred, indicating that grapevines initiated cold acclimation in the greenhouse. Compared to control, exo-ABA decreased stomatal conductance 2 h after application. Two weeks post application, exo-ABA treated grapevines showed accelerated transition of grapevine physiology during cold acclimation (increased depth of dormancy, decreased bud water content and enhanced bud FT), relative to control. Exo-ABA induced the accumulation of several sugars in buds including the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), and the RFO precursor, galactinol. The expression of raffinose and galactinol synthase genes was higher in exo-ABA treated grapevine buds, compared to control. The new findings from this study have advanced our understanding of the role of ABA in grapevine FT, which will be useful to develop future strategies to protect grapevines from cold damage.
PMID: 32081274
BMC Plant Biol , IF:3.497 , 2020 Apr , V20 (1) : P176 doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02376-6
Interactions between sucrose and jasmonate signalling in the response to cold stress.
School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland. astrid.wingler@ucc.ie.; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.; School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.; Present address: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
BACKGROUND: Jasmonates play an important role in plant stress and defence responses and are also involved in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in response to sucrose availability. Here we explore the signalling interactions between sucrose and jasmonates in response to cold stress in Arabidopsis. RESULTS: Sucrose and cold treatments increased anthocyanin content additively. Comprehensive profiling of phytohormone contents demonstrated that jasmonates, salicylic acid and abscisic acid contents increased in response to sucrose treatment in plants grown on agar, but remained considerably lower than in plants grown in compost. The gibberellin GA3 accumulated in response to sucrose treatment but only at warm temperature. The role of jasmonate signalling was explored using the jasmonate response mutants jar1-1 and coi1-16. While the jar1-1 mutant lacked jasmonate-isoleucine and jasmonate-leucine, it accumulated 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid at low temperature on agar medium. Altered patterns of abscisic acid accumulation and higher sugar contents were found in the coi1-16 mutant when grown in compost. Both mutants were able to accumulate anthocyanin and to cold acclimate, but the jar-1-1 mutant showed a larger initial drop in whole-rosette photosystem II efficiency upon transfer to low temperature. CONCLUSIONS: Hormone contents are determined by interactions between temperature and sucrose supply. Some of these effects may be caused indirectly through senescence initiation in response to sucrose availability. During cold stress, the adjustments of hormone contents may compensate for impaired jasmonate signalling, enabling cold acclimation and anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis jasmonate response mutants, e.g. through antagonistic interactions between gibberellin and jasmonate signalling.
PMID: 32321430
Phytochemistry , IF:3.044 , 2020 Apr , V172 : P112285 doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112285
Peltate glandular trichomes of Colquhounia vestita harbor diterpenoid acids that contribute to plant adaptation to UV radiation and cold stresses.
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China. Electronic address: liuyan@mail.kib.ac.cn.; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China. Electronic address: shli@mail.kib.ac.cn.
Plant glandular trichomes (GTs) are adaptive epidermal structures that synthesize and accumulate diverse specialized metabolites well-known as defense chemicals against biotic attacks, but their roles against abiotic challenges including UV radiation and cold climates remain largely unexplored. Colquhounia vestita Wall is a Chinese-Himalayan Lamiaceae plant with dense peltate and capitate GTs on its leaf and stem surfaces under a scanning electron microscope. Three diterpenoid acids, including a clerodane 5-epi-hardwickiic acid and two labdanes polyalthic acid and E-communic acid, were identified from the peltate GTs of C. vestita through laser microdissection coupled with UPLC-MS/MS. Under UV radiation and cold stresses, the major GT component polyalthic acid increased the biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and decreased their malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, polyalthic acid promoted photosynthetic efficiency and the expression of genes encoding peroxidative enzymes under UV radiation, and stimulated Ca(2+) elevation and the expression of calmodulin binding transcription activator gene CAMTA3 and two downstream cold-responsive genes CBF3 and RD29A under cold stress. Therefore, polyalthic acid in GTs is likely to endow the plant with enhanced tolerance to UV radiation and cold stresses, which extends the current understanding of the function of GT compounds in plant adaptation to abiotic environments.
PMID: 32035325
Gene , IF:2.984 , 2020 Apr , V736 : P144422 doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144422
Genome-wide identification and characterization of late embryogenesis abundant protein-encoding gene family in wheat: Evolution and expression profiles during development and stress.
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China.; College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: liliqun@nwsuaf.edu.cn.; College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: xuejun@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are involved in plant stress responses and osmotic regulation, and they are accumulated in the late embryonic stage. There have been no previous genome-wide analyses of the LEA gene family members in wheat and its close relatives. In this study, 281, 53, 151, 89, 99, and 99 LEA genes were identified in wheat (Triticum aestivum), Triticum urartu, Triticum dicoccoides, Aegilops tauschii, barley, and Brachypodium distachyon, respectively. The wheat LEA gene family (TaLEA genes) was divided into eight subfamilies according to the conserved domains. All TaLEA genes contain very few introns (<3) and they are unevenly distributed on the 21 chromosomes. We identified 39 pairs of tandem duplication genes and 9 pairs of segmental duplication genes in the wheat LEA gene family. This proved that the tandem duplication and segmental duplication played an important role in the expansion of the TaLEA gene family. According to published transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis, the TaLEA genes exhibit different tissue expression patterns and they are regulated by various abiotic stresses, especially salt and cold stress. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the wheat LEA gene family.
PMID: 32007584
Plants (Basel) , IF:2.762 , 2020 Apr , V9 (5) doi: 10.3390/plants9050560
Physiological and Molecular Mechanism Involved in Cold Stress Tolerance in Plants.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Previous studies have reported that low temperature (LT) constrains plant growth and restricts productivity in temperate regions. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and not well understood. Over the past ten years, research on the process of adaptation and tolerance of plants during cold stress has been carried out. In molecular terms, researchers prioritize research into the field of the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway which is believed to be the important key to the cold acclimation process. Inducer of CBF Expression (ICE) is a pioneer of cold acclimation and plays a central role in C-repeat binding (CBF) cold induction. CBFs activate the expression of COR genes via binding to cis-elements in the promoter of COR genes. An ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway activates the appropriate expression of downstream genes, which encodes osmoregulation substances. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of cold stress tolerance in plants from molecular and physiological perspectives and other factors, such as hormones, light, and circadian clock. Understanding the process of cold stress tolerance and the genes involved in the signaling network for cold stress is essential for improving plants, especially crops.
PMID: 32353940
Plants (Basel) , IF:2.762 , 2020 Apr , V9 (4) doi: 10.3390/plants9040455
Characterization of the AP2/ERF Transcription Factor Family and Expression Profiling of DREB Subfamily under Cold and Osmotic Stresses in Ammopiptanthus nanus.
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) is one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families in plants, which play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. Ammopiptanthus nanus, an unusual evergreen broad-leaved shrub in the arid region in the northern temperate zone, demonstrates a strong tolerance to low temperature and drought stresses, and AP2/ERF transcription factors may contribute to the stress tolerance of A. nanus. In the current study, 174 AP2/ERF family members were identified from the A. nanus genome, and they were divided into five subfamilies, including 92 ERF members, 55 dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) members, 24 AP2 members, 2 RAV members, and 1 Soloist member. Compared with the other leguminous plants, A. nanus has more members of the DREB subfamily and the B1 group of the ERF subfamily, and gene expansion in the AP2/ERF family is primarily driven by tandem and segmental duplications. Promoter analysis showed that many stress-related cis-acting elements existed in promoter regions of the DREB genes, implying that MYB, ICE1, and WRKY transcription factors regulate the expression of DREB genes in A. nanus. Expression profiling revealed that the majority of DREB members were responsive to osmotic and cold stresses, and several DREB genes such as EVM0023336.1 and EVM0013392.1 were highly induced by cold stress, which may play important roles in cold response in A. nanus. This study provided important data for understanding the evolution and functions of AP2/ERF and DREB transcription factors in A. nanus.
PMID: 32260365
Plants (Basel) , IF:2.762 , 2020 Apr , V9 (4) doi: 10.3390/plants9040431
Exogenous Ascorbic Acid Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants Through Modulating Metabolism, Osmolytes, Antioxidants, and Transcriptional Regulation of Catalase and Heat Shock Proteins.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.; Biology Department, Aliumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia.; Business Administration Department, Community college, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.; Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31512, Egypt.; EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31512, Egypt.; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharram baik 21515, Alexandria, Egypt.
Chilling, a sort of cold stress, is a typical abiotic ecological stress that impacts the development as well as the growth of crops. The present study was carried to investigate the role of ascorbic acid root priming in enhancing tolerance of tomato seedlings against acute chilling stress. The treatments included untreated control, ascorbic acid-treated plants (AsA; 0.5 mM), acute chilling-stressed plants (4 degrees C), and chilling stressed seedlings treated by ascorbic acid. Exposure to acute chilling stress reduced growth in terms of length, fresh and dry biomass, pigment synthesis, and photosynthesis. AsA was effective in mitigating the injurious effects of chilling stress to significant levels when supplied at 0.5 mM concentrations. AsA priming reduced the chilling mediated oxidative damage by lowering the electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, up regulating the activity of enzymatic components of the antioxidant system. Further, 0.5 mM AsA proved beneficial in enhancing ions uptake in normal and chilling stressed seedlings. At the gene expression level, AsA significantly lowered the expression level of CAT and heat shock protein genes. Therefore, we theorize that the implementation of exogenous AsA treatment reduced the negative effects of severe chilling stress on tomato.
PMID: 32244604
Plants (Basel) , IF:2.762 , 2020 Apr , V9 (4) doi: 10.3390/plants9040515
Freezing Tolerance and Expression of beta-amylase Gene in Two Actinidia arguta Cultivars with Seasonal Changes.
Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China.; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Low temperature causes injuries to plants during winter, thereby it affects kiwi fruit quality and yield. However, the changes in metabolites and gene expression during cold acclimation (CA) and deacclimation (DA) in kiwi fruit remain largely unknown. In this study, freezing tolerance, carbohydrate metabolism, and beta-amylase gene expression in two Actinidia arguta cv. "CJ-1" and "RB-3" were detected from CA to DA stages. In all acclimation stages, the "CJ-1" was hardier than "RB-3" and possessed lower semi-lethal temperature (LT50). Furthermore, "CJ-1" had a more rapid acclimation speed than "RB-3". Changes of starch, beta-amylase, and soluble sugars were associated with freezing tolerance in both cultivars. Starch contents continued to follow a declining trend, while soluble sugars contents continuously accumulated in both cultivars during CA stages (from October to January). To investigate the possible molecular mechanism underlying cold response in A. arguta, in total, 16 AcBAMs genes for beta-amylase were identified in the kiwi fruit genome. We carried out localization of chromosome, gene structure, the conserved motif, and the analysis of events in the duplication of genes from AcBAMs. Finally, a strong candidate gene named AaBAM3 from AcBAMs was cloned in Actinidia arguta (A. arguta), The real-time qPCR showed that AaBAM3 gene expression in seasonal changes was consistent with changes of soluble sugars. These results reveal that AaBAM3 may enhance the freezing tolerance of A. arguta through increasing soluble sugar content.
PMID: 32316347
Breed Sci , IF:1.865 , 2020 Apr , V70 (2) : P246-252 doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.19111
Mapping QTL conferring speckled snow mold resistance in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034, Japan.; NARO Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Memuro Research Station, 9-4 Shinsei-minami, Memuro, Kasai, Hokkaido 082-0081, Japan.; Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.; NARO Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, 496 Izumi, Chikugo, Fukuoka 833-0041, Japan.
Speckled snow mold caused by Typhula ishikariensis is one of the most devastating diseases of winter wheat in Hokkaido, Japan and parts of the Pacific Northwest region of USA. Munstertaler is a winter wheat landrace from Switzerland that has very high resistance to snow mold and superior freezing tolerance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to speckled snow mold were identified in a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between Munstertaler and susceptible variety Ibis, both under field conditions and controlled environment tests. Composite interval mapping analysis revealed a major QTL on chromosome 5D from Munstertaler, and on chromosome 6B from Ibis. Flanking microsatellite marker cfd 29 for the QTL on chromosome 5D was about 5 cM distant from vernalization requirement gene Vrn-D1, suggesting that the QTL on chromosome 5D is located on a cold-stress-related gene cluster along with Vrn-D1 and freezing tolerance gene Fr-D1. The QTL on chromosome 6B from Ibis was located on the centromere region flanking QTn.mst-6B, which is reported to increase plant tiller number.
PMID: 32523407
Plant Divers , IF:1.864 , 2020 Apr , V42 (2) : P102-110 doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2019.11.002
Analysis of changes in the Panax notoginseng glycerolipidome in response to long-term chilling and heat.
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Utilization & Innovation of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.; College of Chinese Material Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.; Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Long-term moderately high or low temperatures can damage economically important plants. In the present study, we treated Panax notoginseng, an important traditional Chinese medicine, with temperatures of 10, 20, and 30 degrees C for 30 days. We then investigated P. notoginseng glycerolipidome responses to these moderate temperature stresses using an ESI/MS-MS-based lipidomic approach. Both long-term chilling (LTC, 10 degrees C) and long-term heat (LTH, 30 degrees C) decreased photo pigment levels and photosynthetic rate. LTH-induced degradation of photo pigments and glycerolipids may further cause the decline of photosynthesis and thereafter the senescence of leaves. LTC-induced photosynthesis decline is attributed to the degradation of photosynthetic pigments rather than the degradation of chloroplastidic lipids. P. notoginseng has an especially high level of lysophosphatidylglycerol, which may indicate that either P. notoginseng phospholipase A acts in a special manner on phosphatidylglycerol (PG), or that phospholipase B acts. The ratio of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) to PG increased significantly after LTC treatment, which may indicate that SQDG partially substitutes for PG. After LTC treatment, the increase in the degree of unsaturation of plastidic lipids was less than that of extraplastidic lipids, and the increase in the unsaturation of PG was the largest among the ten lipid classes tested. These results indicate that increasing the level of unsaturated PG may play a special role in maintaining the function and stability of P. notoginseng photosystems after LTC treatment.
PMID: 32373768
Plant Signal Behav , IF:1.671 , 2020 Apr , V15 (4) : P1745472 doi: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1745472
Piriformospora indica enhances freezing tolerance and post-thaw recovery in Arabidopsis by stimulating the expression of CBF genes.
Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.; College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.; Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.; Mischer-Institute, Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany.
The root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica plays an important role in increasing abiotic stress tolerance of its host plants. To explore the impact of P. indica on freezing tolerance, Arabidopsis seedlings were co-cultivated with P. indica exposed to -6 degrees C for 6 h. Freezing stress decreased the survival rate, electrolyte leakage, leaf temperature, water potential and chlorophyll fluorescence of Arabidopsis plants in comparison to the controls. P. indica colonizion reduced the negative effects of freezing, and the plants contained also higher amounts of soluble proteins, proline and ascorbic acid during the post-thaw recovery period (4 degrees C; 12 h). In contrast, the H2O2 and malondialdehyde levels were reduced in seedlings colonized by the fungus. The brassinolide (BR) and abscisic acid (ABA) levels dramatically increased and the transcript levels of several crucial freezing-stress related genes (CBFs, CORs, BZR1, SAG1 and PYL6) were higher in inoculated plants during the post-thaw recovery period. Finally, inocculated mutants impaired in the freezing tolerance response (such as ice1 for INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION1, a crucial basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor for the cold-response pathway in Arabidopsis, cbf1, -2, -3 for C-REPEAT-Binding Factor, cor47 and -15 for COLD-REGULATED and siz1 encoding the SUMO E3 LIGASE) showed better survival rates and higher expression levels of freezing-related target genes after freezing compared to the inocculated controls. Our results demonstrate that P. indica confers freezing tolerance and better post-thaw recovery in Arabidopsis, and stimulates the expression of several genes involved in the CBF-dependent pathway.
PMID: 32228382