Elife , IF:7.08 , 2019 Feb , V8 doi: 10.7554/eLife.44213
Pyrophosphate modulates plant stress responses via SUMOylation.
Department Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and DKFZ - ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany.; Laboratory of Cell Dynamics, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.; Metabolomics Core Technology Platform, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Pyrophosphate (PPi), a byproduct of macromolecule biosynthesis is maintained at low levels by soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (sPPase) found in all eukaryotes. In plants, H(+)-pumping pyrophosphatases (H(+)-PPase) convert the substantial energy present in PPi into an electrochemical gradient. We show here, that both cold- and heat stress sensitivity of fugu5 mutants lacking the major H(+)-PPase isoform AVP1 is correlated with reduced SUMOylation. In addition, we show that increased PPi concentrations interfere with SUMOylation in yeast and we provide evidence that SUMO activating E1-enzymes are inhibited by micromolar concentrations of PPi in a non-competitive manner. Taken together, our results do not only provide a mechanistic explanation for the beneficial effects of AVP1 overexpression in plants but they also highlight PPi as an important integrator of metabolism and stress tolerance.
PMID: 30785397
Plant Physiol , IF:6.902 , 2019 Feb , V179 (2) : P749-760 doi: 10.1104/pp.18.01140
SlHY5 Integrates Temperature, Light, and Hormone Signaling to Balance Plant Growth and Cold Tolerance.
Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.; College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R. China.; Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.; Key Laboratory of Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.; Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.; Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China yanhongzhou@zju.edu.cn.; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
During the transition from warm to cool seasons, plants experience decreased temperatures, shortened days, and decreased red/far-red (R/FR) ratios of light. The mechanism by which plants integrate these environmental cues to maintain plant growth and adaptation remains poorly understood. Here, we report that low temperature induced the transcription of PHYTOCHROME A and accumulation of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (SlHY5, a basic Leu zipper transcription factor) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants, especially under short day conditions with low R/FR light ratios. Reverse genetic approaches and physiological analyses revealed that silencing of SlHY5 increased cold susceptibility in tomato plants, whereas overexpression of SlHY5 enhanced cold tolerance. SlHY5 directly bound to and activated the transcription of genes encoding a gibberellin-inactivation enzyme, namely GIBBERELLIN2-OXIDASE4, and an abscisic acid biosynthetic enzyme, namely 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE6 (SlNCED6). Thus, phytochrome A-dependent SlHY5 accumulation resulted in an increased abscisic acid/gibberellin ratio, which was accompanied by growth cessation and induction of cold response. Furthermore, silencing of SlNCED6 compromises short day- and low R/FR-induced tomato resistance to cold stress. These findings provide insight into the molecular genetic mechanisms by which plants integrate environmental stimuli with hormones to coordinate their growth with impending cold temperatures. Moreover, this work reveals a molecular mechanism that plants have evolved for growth and survival in response to seasonal changes.
PMID: 30563923
Plant J , IF:6.141 , 2019 Feb , V97 (3) : P500-516 doi: 10.1111/tpj.14137
Cold stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by GNOM ARF-GEF.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan.; Department of Plant Bio Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan.; Agro-Innovation Center, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.
Endosomal trafficking plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development both at optimal and stressed conditions. Cold stress response in Arabidopsis root is directly linked to inhibition of the endosomal trafficking of auxin efflux carriers. However, the cellular components that link cold stress and the endosomal trafficking remain elusive. By screening available endosomal trafficking mutants against root growth recovery response under cold stress, we identified GNOM, a SEC7 containing ARF-GEF, as a major modulator of cold response. Contrasting response of partial loss of function mutant gnom(B4049/emb30-1) and the engineered Brefeldin A (BFA)-resistant GNOM line, both of which contain mutations within SEC7 domain, to cold stress at the whole-plant level highlights the importance of this domain in modulating the cold response pathway of plants. Cold stress selectively and transiently inhibits GNOM expression. The engineered point mutation at 696 amino acid position (Methionine to Leucine) that makes GNOM resistant to BFA in fact results in overexpression of GNOM both at transcriptional and translational levels, and also alters its subcellular localization. Overexpression and altered cellular localization of GNOM were found to be directly linked to conferring striking cold-resistant phenotype in Arabidopsis. Collectively, these results provide a mechanistic link between GNOM, BFA-sensitive GNOM-regulated trafficking and cold stress.
PMID: 30362633
J Exp Bot , IF:5.908 , 2019 Feb , V70 (4) : P1183-1195 doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery452
Maize annexin genes ZmANN33 and ZmANN35 encode proteins that function in cell membrane recovery during seed germination.
Seed Science Center, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.; Department of Seed Science and Industry, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei City, China.
Plasma membrane (PM) recovery from the impaired dry state is essential for seed germination, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that ZmANN33 and ZmANN35, two annexin genes in maize, encode proteins that participate in PM recovery during seed germination. The expression of both genes was up-regulated during seed germination and strongly repressed by chilling (either 15 or 5 degrees C) as compared with the normal temperature (25 degrees C). In addition, the increased membrane damage caused by chilling imbibition was correlated with suppressed expression of ZmANN33 and ZmANN35, while rapid recovery of their expression levels accompanied the rescue of the damaged membrane. Arabidopsis seedlings ectopically expressing ZmANN33 or ZmANN35 had longer seedling length than wild-type (WT) plants during the recovery period after 3 d of chilling stress, indicating the positive roles of these two gene products in the plant's recovery from chilling injury. Moreover, these transgenic seedlings had lower lipid peroxidation and higher peroxidase activities than WT during the recovery period. Consistently, root cells of these transgenic seedlings had more intact PM after chilling stress, supporting the proposition that ZmANN33 and ZmANN35 contribute to the maintenance of PM integrity. The enhanced PM integrity is likely due to the accelerated exocytotic process after chilling stress. We also showed that both ZmANN33 and ZmANN35 localized in the cytosol near the plasma membrane. Thus, we conclude that ZmANN33 and ZmANN35 play essential roles in membrane recovery during maize seed germination.
PMID: 30649398
Plant Cell Physiol , IF:4.062 , 2019 Feb , V60 (2) : P274-284 doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcy208
Low Temperature Stress Alters the Expression of Phytoene Desaturase Genes (crtP1 and crtP2) and the zeta-Carotene Desaturase Gene (crtQ) Together with the Cellular Carotenoid Content of Euglena gracilis.
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan.; Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Division of Integrated Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University Graduate Schools, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan.; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Carotenoids participate in photosynthesis and photoprotection in oxygenic phototrophs. Euglena gracilis, a eukaryotic phytoflagellate, synthesizes several carotenoids: beta-carotene, neoxanthin, diadinoxanthin and diatoxanthin. Temperature is one of the most striking external stimuli altering carotenoid production. In the present study, to elucidate the regulation of carotenoid synthesis of E. gracilis in response to environmental stimuli, we functionally identified phytoene desaturase genes (crtP1 and crtP2) and the zeta-carotene desaturase gene (crtQ) of this alga and analyzed expression of those genes and the composition of major carotenoids in cells grown under cold (20i inverted question mark(1/2)C) and high-intensity light (HL; 240 i inverted question mark(1/2)mol photon m-2 s-1) conditions. 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-HL treatment increased the transcriptional level of the phytoene synthase gene (crtB), and crtP1 and crtP2, whose products catalyze the early steps of carotenoid biosynthesis in this alga. Cultivation at 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C under illumination at 55 i inverted question mark(1/2)mol photon m-2 s-1 (low-intensity light; LL) decreased the cell concentration, Chl and total major carotenoid content by 61, 75 and 50%, respectively, relative to control (25i inverted question mark(1/2)C-LL) cells. When grown at 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-HL, the cells showed a greater decrease in cell concentration and photosynthetic pigment contents than those in 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-LL. beta-Carotene, neoxanthin and diadinoxanthin contents were decreased by more than half in 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-LL and 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-HL treatments. On the other hand, when subjected to 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-LL and 20i inverted question mark(1/2)C-HL, the cells retained a diatoxanthin content comparable with control cells. Our findings suggested that diatoxanthin plays crucial roles in the acclimation to cold and intense light condition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a photosynthetic organism possessing dual crtP genes.
PMID: 30346581
Sci Rep , IF:3.998 , 2019 Feb , V9 (1) : P2795 doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38877-0
Integrative analysis of postharvest chilling injury in cherry tomato fruit reveals contrapuntal spatio-temporal responses to ripening and cold stress.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States.; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States.; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China.; Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, United States. dmbeckles@ucdavis.edu.
Postharvest chilling injury (PCI) reduces fruit quality and shelf-life in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). PCI has been traditionally studied in the pericarp, however its development is likely heterogeneous in different fruit tissues. To gain insight into PCI's spatio-temporal development, we used postharvest biomarkers e.g. respiration and ethylene rates, ion leakage etc., to confirm the occurrence of PCI, and compared these data with molecular (gene expression), biophysical (MRI data) and biochemical parameters (Malondialdehyde (MDA) and starch content) from the pericarp or columella. Tissues were stored at control (12.5 degrees C) or PCI-inducing temperatures (2.5 or 5 degrees C) followed by rewarming at 20 degrees C. MRI and ion leakage revealed that cold irreversibly impairs ripening-associated membrane liquefaction; MRI also showed that the internal and external fruit tissues responded differently to cold. MDA and especially starch contents, were affected by chilling in a tissue-specific manner. The expression of the six genes studied: ACO1 and ACS2 (ripening), CBF1 (cold response), DHN, AOX1a and LoxB (stress-related) showed non-overlapping temporal and spatially-specific responses. Overall, the data highlighted the interconnectedness of fruit cold response and ripening, and showed how cold stress reconfigures the latter. They further underscored that multidimensional spatial and temporal biological studies are needed to develop effective solutions to PCI.
PMID: 30808915
Sci Rep , IF:3.998 , 2019 Feb , V9 (1) : P2289 doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38688-3
Both cold and sub-zero acclimation induce cell wall modification and changes in the extracellular proteome in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Muhlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany.; Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Muhlenberg 1, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany. hincha@mpimp-golm.mpg.de.
Cold acclimation (CA) leads to increased plant freezing tolerance during exposure to low, non-freezing temperatures as a result of many physiological, biochemical and molecular changes that have been extensively investigated. In addition, many plant species, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, respond to a subsequent exposure to mild, non-damaging freezing temperatures with an additional increase in freezing tolerance referred to as sub-zero acclimation (SZA). There is comparatively little information available about the molecular basis of SZA. However, previous transcriptomic studies indicated that cell wall modification may play an important role during SZA. Here we show that CA and SZA are accompanied by extensive changes in cell wall amount, composition and structure. While CA leads to a significant increase in cell wall amount, the relative proportions of pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose remained unaltered during both CA and SZA. However, both treatments resulted in more subtle changes in structure as determined by infrared spectroscopy and monosaccharide composition as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These differences could be related through a proteomic approach to the accumulation of cell wall modifying enzymes such as pectin methylesterases, pectin methylesterase inhibitors and xyloglucan endotransglucosylases/hydrolases in the extracellular matrix.
PMID: 30783145
Plant Physiol Biochem , IF:3.72 , 2019 Feb , V135 : P277-286 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.009
The late embryogenesis abundant gene family in tea plant (Camellia sinensis): Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis in response to cold and dehydration stress.
College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.; College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: yyben@163.com.
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a large and highly diverse family of polypeptides that play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. At present, LEA gene families have been identified and systematically characterized in many plant species. However, the LEA gene family in tea plant has not been revealed, and the biological functions of the members of this family remain unknown. In this study, 33 CsLEA genes were identified from tea plant via a genome-wide study, and they were clustered into seven groups according to analyses of their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures and protein conserved motifs. In addition, expression analysis revealed that the CsLEA genes were specifically expressed in one or more tissues and significantly induced under cold and dehydration stresses, implying that CsLEA genes play important roles in tea plant growth, development and response to cold and dehydration stresses. Furthermore, a potential transcriptional regulatory network, including DREB/CBF, MYB, bZIP, bHLH, BPC and other transcription factors, is directly associated with the expression of CsLEA genes, which may be ubiquitous and important in the above mentioned processes. This study could help to increase our understanding of CsLEA proteins and their contributions to stress tolerance in tea plant.
PMID: 30593000
Plant Physiol Biochem , IF:3.72 , 2019 Feb , V135 : P167-173 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.038
Overexpression of maize MYB-IF35 increases chilling tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China. Electronic address: suina800101@163.com.
Chilling stress is a critical environmental factor that limits plant growth, yield and distribution. Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important food and forage crop, and industrial raw material, in China. Low temperatures can decrease maize production, especially in early spring. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor ZmMYB-IF35 was isolated from maize cDNA. The open reading frame of ZmMYB-IF35 is 1038 bp, encoding 345 amino acids with a molecular mass of 37.9kDa. ZmMYB-IF35 localized in the nucleus. Low temperatures induced the expression of ZmMYB-IF35 in maize, and the relative expression level reached its maximum after 4h of chilling stress. The overexpression of ZmMYB-IF35 under the control of the CaMV35S promoter in Arabidopsis conferred tolerance to chilling stress compared with the wild-type plants by maintaining the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. Furthermore, under chilling stress, the ZmMYB-IF35 transgenic plants showed greater antioxidant enzyme activity levels, lower reactive oxygen species contents and lower ion leakage levels than those of wild-type plants. Thus, the overexpression of ZmMYB-IF35 may enhance resistance to chilling and oxidative stresses in transgenic Arabidopsis and alleviates PSII photoinhibition.
PMID: 30553138
J Proteomics , IF:3.509 , 2019 Feb , V192 : P311-320 doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.09.012
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of cold stress-induced mechanisms in grafted watermelon seedlings.
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Crop Science, Wuhan Agricultural Academy, Wuhan 430345, China.; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.; Institute of Crop Science, Wuhan Agricultural Academy, Wuhan 430345, China.; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: biezhilong@hotmail.com.
Rootstock grafting can improve the cold tolerance of watermelon. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown. Herein, we used an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics approach for the comparative analysis of protein abundances in self-grafted (SG) and pumpkin rootstock-grafted (RG) watermelon seedlings in response to cold stress. A total of 4796 distinct proteins were identified, and 752 proteins were significantly differentially accumulated in grafted watermelon seedling leaves after 48h cold stress. Based on bioinformatics analysis, the cold tolerance of RG watermelon seedlings might be related to more energy produced through photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation, compared with that of SG watermelon seedlings. RG watermelon seedlings could cope with cold stress by improving the scavenging capacity of ROS and arginine biosynthesis. Posttranscriptional regulation and protein homeostasis also play important roles for grafted watermelon seedlings to adapt to cold stress. Several protein kinases involved in signal transduction may act as positive regulators in RG watermelon seedling leaves suffering from cold stress. In addition, iTRAQ data were confirmed to be reliable by the assays of physiological indicators and relative transcript levels of eight genes. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Rootstock grafting is regarded as an effective method to enhance the cold tolerance of watermelon seedlings. To elucidate the cold tolerance mechanism of grafted watermelon, an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach combined with bioinformatics analysis was employed to identify differentially accumulated proteins in SG and RG watermelon seedlings between cold stress and control conditions. This study provided additional insight into the molecular basis of the grafted watermelon seedlings in response to cold stress.
PMID: 30267873
BMC Plant Biol , IF:3.497 , 2019 Feb , V19 (Suppl 1) : P49 doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-1636-y
An update to database TraVA: organ-specific cold stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Karetny per. 19, build.1, Moscow, 127051, Russia.; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina 3, Moscow, 119991, Russia.; Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS - the Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vitkevicha 1, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 32, 119991, Moscow, Russia.; Moscow State University, Leninskye gory, build 1, Moscow, 119992, Russia.; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobelya Ulitsa 3, Moscow, 121205, Russia.; Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Karetny per. 19, build.1, Moscow, 127051, Russia. alekseypenin@gmail.com.; Moscow State University, Leninskye gory, build 1, Moscow, 119992, Russia. alekseypenin@gmail.com.
BACKGROUND: Transcriptome map is a powerful tool for a variety of biological studies; transcriptome maps that include different organs, tissues, cells and stages of development are currently available for at least 30 plants. Some of them include samples treated by environmental or biotic stresses. However, most studies explore only limited set of organs and developmental stages (leaves or seedlings). In order to provide broader view of organ-specific strategies of cold stress response we studied expression changes that follow exposure to cold (+ 4 degrees C) in different aerial parts of plant: cotyledons, hypocotyl, leaves, young flowers, mature flowers and seeds using RNA-seq. RESULTS: The results on differential expression in leaves are congruent with current knowledge on stress response pathways, in particular, the role of CBF genes. In other organs, both essence and dynamics of gene expression changes are different. We show the involvement of genes that are confined to narrow expression patterns in non-stress conditions into stress response. In particular, the genes that control cell wall modification in pollen, are activated in leaves. In seeds, predominant pattern is the change of lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: Stress response is highly organ-specific; different pathways are involved in this process in each type of organs. The results were integrated with previously published transcriptome map of Arabidopsis thaliana and used for an update of a public database TraVa: http://travadb.org/browse/Species=AthStress .
PMID: 30813912
Gene , IF:2.984 , 2019 Feb , V685 : P96-105 doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.066
Transcriptomics profiling in response to cold stress in cultivated rice and weedy rice.
Rice Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.; Rice Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.; Rice Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. Electronic address: zmh560@163.com.; Rice Research Institute, College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China. Electronic address: zfguo@syau.edu.cn.
Weedy rice is an important germplasm resource for rice improvement because it has useful genes for many abiotic stresses including cold tolerance. We identified the cold tolerance and cold sensitivity of two weedy rice lines (WR 03-35 and WR 03-26) and two cultivated rice lines (Kongyu 131 and 9311). During the seedling stage of these lines, we used RNA-seq to measure changes in weedy rice and cultivated rice whole-genome transcriptome before and after cold treatment. We identified 14,213 and 14,730 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cold-tolerant genotypes (WR 03-35, Kongyu 131), and 9219 and 720 DEGs were observed in two cold-sensitive genotypes (WR 03-26, 9311). Many common and special DEGs were analyzed in cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive genotypes, respectively. Some typical genes related to cold stress such as the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain gene etc. The number of these DEGs in cold-tolerant genotypes is more than those found in cold-sensitive genotypes. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses showed significantly enriched terms for biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. In addition, some genes related to several plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), auxin and ethylene were identified. To confirm the RNA-seq data, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR were performed on 12 randomly selected DEGs. The expression patterns of RNA-seq on these genes corresponded with the semi-quantitative RT-PCR and qRT-PCR method. This study suggests the gene resources related to cold stress from weedy rice could be valuable for understanding the mechanisms involved in cold stress and rice breeding for improving cold tolerance.
PMID: 30389557
Insect Sci , IF:2.791 , 2019 Feb , V26 (1) : P44-57 doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12505
Genome-wide identification and characterization of HSP gene superfamily in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and expression profiling analysis under temperature stress.
Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are essential molecular chaperones that play important roles in the stress stimulation of insects. Bemisia tabaci, a phloem feeder and invasive species, can cause extensive crop damage through direct feeding and transmission of plant viruses. Here we employed comprehensive genomics approaches to identity HSP superfamily members in the Middle East Asia Minor 1 whitefly genome. In total, we identified 26 Hsp genes, including three Hsp90, 17 Hsp70, one Hsp60 and five sHSP (small heat shock protein) genes. The HSP gene superfamily of whitefly is expanded compared with the other five insects surveyed here. The gene structures among the same families are relatively conserved. Meanwhile, the motif compositions and secondary structures of BtHsp proteins were predicted. In addition, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression patterns of BtHsp gene superfamily were diverse across different tissues of whiteflies. Most Hsp genes were induced or repressed by thermal stress (40 degrees C) and cold treatment (4 degrees C) in whitefly. Silencing the expression of BtHsp70-6 significantly decreased the survival rate of whitefly under 45 degrees C. All the results showed the Hsps conferred thermo-tolerance or cold-tolerance to whiteflies that protect them from being affected by detrimental temperature conditions. Our observations highlighted the molecular evolutionary properties and the response mechanism to temperature assaults of Hsp genes in whitefly.
PMID: 28714602
Curr Genomics , IF:2.63 , 2019 Feb , V20 (2) : P100-114 doi: 10.2174/1389202920666190129145439
OsmiR528 Enhances Cold Stress Tolerance by Repressing Expression of Stress Response-related Transcription Factor Genes in Plant Cells.
1College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province 434025, P.R. China; 2Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC27708, USA.
Background: MicroRNAs participate in many molecular mechanisms and signaling trans-duction pathways that are associated with plant stress tolerance by repressing expression of their target genes. However, how microRNAs enhance tolerance to low temperature stress in plant cells remains elusive. Objective: In this investigation, we demonstrated that overexpression of the rice microRNA528 (Os-miR528) increases cell viability, growth rate, antioxidants content, ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) activi-ty, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreases ion leakage rate and thiobarbituric acid reac-tive substances (TBARS) under low temperature stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), pine (Pi-nus elliottii), and rice (Oryza sativa). Methods: To investigate the potential mechanism of OsmiR528 in increasing cold stress tolerance, we examined expression of stress-associated MYB transcription factors OsGAMYB-like1, OsMYBS3, OsMYB4, OsMYB3R-2, OsMYB5, OsMYB59, OsMYB30, OsMYB1R, and OsMYB20 in rice cells by qRT-PCR. Results: Our experiments demonstrated that OsmiR528 decreases expression of transcription factor OsMYB30 by targeting a F-box domain containing protein gene (Os06g06050), which is a positive regulator of OsMYB30. In OsmiR528 transgenic rice, reduced OsMYB30 expression results in in-creased expression of BMY genes OsBMY2, OsBMY6, and OsBMY10. The transcript levels of the OsBMY2, OsBMY6, and OsBMY10 were elevated by OsMYB30 knockdown, but decreased by Os-MYB30 overexpression in OsmiR528 transgenic cell lines, suggesting that OsmiR528 increases low temperature tolerance by modulating expression of stress response-related transcription factor. Conclusion: Our experiments provide novel information in increasing our understanding in molecular mechanisms of microRNAs-associated low temperature tolerance and are valuable in plant molecular breeding from monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous, and gymnosperm plants.
PMID: 31555061
Cryobiology , IF:2.283 , 2019 Feb , V86 : P111-119 doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.11.001
Psychrotolerant bacteria isolated from the leaf apoplast of cold-adapted wild plants improve the cold resistance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under low temperature.
Department of Biology Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.; Siran Mustafa Beyaz Vocational High School, Gumushane University, Gumushane, Turkey.; Department of Biology Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: oatici@atauni.edu.tr.
We have isolated psychrotolerant bacteria from the leaf apoplast of cold-adapted wild plants and aimed to investigate their effect on the cold resistance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Based on the findings of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 20 isolates belonging to 5 bacteria species (Pseudomonas fragi, P. chloropaphis, P. fluorescens, P. proteolytica and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans) were identified in the leaf apoplastic fluid of Draba nemorosa, Galanthus gracilis, Colchicum speciousum, Scilla siberica, Erodium cicutarium, respectively. We have determined that 6 of the 20 isolates have exhibited ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase activity and secreted different extracellular proteins under cold condition (+4 degrees C) compared to normal growth condition (28 degrees C). The six isolates were then inoculated independently of each other to the leaves of 10-day-old bean seedlings growing under normal conditions (25/22 degrees C, 16/8 h photoperiod), and the inoculated and uninoculated (control) seedlings were transferred to cold (9/5 degrees C, 16/8 h photoperiod) for 3 days. The bacterial inoculations have decreased freezing injury, ice nucleating activity and lipid peroxidation content in parallel with the decrease of reactive oxygen species level such as O2(.-) and H2O2 in the inoculated seedlings compared to the control. In addition, the inoculations of the isolates have stimulated the activity of apoplastic antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The results show that the inoculations improve the cold resistance of bean seedlings and the psychrotolerant bacterial isolates can be evaluated within the group of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) which can increase tolerance of cold-sensitive crops.
PMID: 30419217
Biomed Pharmacother , 2019 Feb , V110 : P105-110 doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.023
Therapeutic and preventative effects of ankaferd blood stopper in an experimental necrotizing enterocolitis model.
Division of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: mbuyuktiryaki@yahoo.com.; Division of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: ctayman22@gmail.com.; Department of Biochemistry, Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey. Electronic address: ismailkoyuncu1@gmail.com.; Division of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: drufukcakir@hotmail.com.; Department of Pathology, Health Sciences University, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: tugbataskin78@hotmail.com.; Department of Anesthesiology and Clinical of Critical Care, Health Sciences University, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: pavulonmouse@hotmail.com.; Division of Neonatology, Health Sciences University, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Education and Research Hospital, 06230, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: n.matur@hotmail.com.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major neonatal health problem that especially affects preterm infants and causes severe morbidity and mortality. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, important risk factors include prematurity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Ankaferd Blood Stopper(R) (ABS) has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiapoptotic, and wound healing accelerant properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether treatment with ABS reduced the severity of NEC in rat pups in an experimental NEC model. Thirty-six newborn Wistar albino rat pups were randomly assigned to the control, NEC + saline, or NEC + ABS groups. NEC was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide, feeding with hyperosmolar enteral formula, and exposure to hypoxia/hyperoxia and cold stress. ABS was administered intraperitoneally to the pups in the NEC + ABS group daily starting on day 1 of the study at a dose of 2 ml/kg by diluting 2 ml with saline at a ratio of 1:3. All pups were sacrificed on day 4. The terminal ileum including the proximal colon was removed for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination and biochemical analysis. Macroscopic assessment and intestinal injury scores were lower in NEC + ABS group compared to the NEC + saline group (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical evaluations of caspase-3, -8, and -9 revealed significantly reduced apoptosis in the NEC + ABS group compared to the NEC + saline group (p = 0.001). Total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1beta levels, and lipid, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid oxidation products were significantly lower in the NEC + ABS group compared to NEC + saline group (p < 0.001 for all), while total antioxidant status, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels were higher in the NEC + ABS group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.01, respectively). ABS treatment has the potential to effectively reduce the severity of intestinal damage in NEC due to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Therefore, NEC may be an alternative option for treatment.
PMID: 30465999